BICH 410 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Atp Hydrolysis, Ribosomal Rna, Covalent Bond
26 Nov 2017
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Chemical composition of enzymes was not firmly established until 1926, when sumner crystallized urease. Catalyzes hydrolysis of urea -> nh3 + co2. Nearly all biochemical reactions are catalyzed by proteins, although there are some notable exceptions. Ribozymes: species of rna molecules that also have enzymatic activity. Ribosomal rna - catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids during protein synthesis. Enzymes accomplish this feat through various mechanisms that depend on the arrangement of functional groups in the enzyme"s active site, the region of the enzyme where catalysis occurs. Enzymes differ from ordinary chemical catalysts in reaction rate, reaction conditions, reaction specificity, and control. The unique physical and chemical properties of the active site limit an enzyme"s activity to specific substrates and reactions. Some enzymes require metal ions or organic cofactors. Enzymes differ from ordinary chemical catalysts in several important respects. Enzymatically catalyzed reactions occur under relatively mild conditions. Below 100 degree c; atmospheric pressure, nearly neutral ph.
