PSYCH 7A Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Iconic Memory, Hermann Ebbinghaus, Echoic Memory
29 Jun 2018
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PSYCH 7A - Lecture 11 - Memory
Memory - the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of
information
Encoding, Storage, & Retrieval
●The memory process has 3 stages:
○Encoding – the process of transforming our experiences, perceptions, thoughts,
or feelings into a storable form, and getting it into storage (memory)
○Storage – the process of maintaining information in memory over time
○Retrieval – the process of bringing to mind previously stored information
Atkinson-Shiffrin Model of Memory
●Three types of memory stores that hold information:
○Sensory memory
■automatically registers any stimulus to hit receptors and holds the
information
■holds information only briefly – a few seconds at most
○Short-term (working) memory
■stores the small amount of information that we’re currently
using/processing
■example: holding a phone number while we dial it
○Long-term memory
■ relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system
■ includes knowledge, skills, and experiences
●Adjustments to original Atkinson-Shiffrin model:
○Short-term memory now referred to as working memory to emphasize
conscious, active processing that occurs there
○Some information bypasses short-term memory and goes right into long-term
memory without conscious processing (i.e. automatic encoding)
Sensory Memory – brief, initial recording of sensory information
Sperling (1960)
●demonstrated the existence of sensory memory
●flashed array of letters for 1/20 second
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Document Summary
Memory - the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information. Encoding the process of transforming our experiences, perceptions, thoughts, or feelings into a storable form, and getting it into storage (memory) Storage the process of maintaining information in memory over time. Retrieval the process of bringing to mind previously stored information. Three types of memory stores that hold information: Automatically registers any stimulus to hit receptors and holds the information. Holds information only briefly a few seconds at most. Stores the small amount of information that we"re currently using/processing. Example: holding a phone number while we dial it. Relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Short-term memory now referred to as working memory to emphasize conscious, active processing that occurs there. Some information bypasses short-term memory and goes right into long-term memory without conscious processing (i. e. automatic encoding) Sensory memory brief, initial recording of sensory information. Flashed array of letters for 1/20 second.
