COGS 174 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Agonism, Ibuprofen, Inverse Agonist
6 Sep 2016
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Cogs 174 lecture 5 - pharmacology basics. The process by which a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body. Through mucus membranes: oral mucosa (sublingual, nasal mucosa (insufflated) Parenterally (injection: intravenous (iv, intramuscular (im, subcutaneous (sc, intraperitoneal (ip) Directly into brain: intracerebral (into brain tissue, intracerebroventricular (into the brain ventricles) The faster the absorption, the quicker the onset, the higher the addictiveness, but the shorter the duration. Water-soluble: can get into certain places, not all drugs need to go to the brain (which is why water-soluble drugs are needed, ionized (have electrical charge, crosses through pores in capillaries, but not cell membranes. Lipid (fat) soluble: non-ionized (no electrical charge, crosses pores, cell membranes, blood-brain barrier. The fraction of an administered dose of drug that reaches the blood stream. What determines bioavailability: physical properties of the drug, if the drug is administered in a fed or fasted state, interactions with other drugs, age, diet, gender, disease state.
