BIOL 1103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Cell Membrane

16 views3 pages

copperleopard658

28 Nov 2015

School

University of Georgia

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 1103

Professor

Barstow

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Chain folds into protein: protein moves to golgi complex for additional processing and for sorting, protein moves to plasma membrane to export, what is the function of the golgi complex? (pg75 and fig. Water, carbon dioxide minerals sugar, oxygen. Proteins: shoot through the membrane and lie on either side of it = support structures, signaling antennas, identification markers, and cellular passageways. Glycocalyx: set of carbohydrate chains that form a layer on the outside of the membrane, Osmosis: net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Water flow towards hypertonic area: what are hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions? (pg 99). How do animal and plant cells react in the presence of these three solutions? (fig. Hypertonic: greater levels of solutes; low water concentration less water. Active transport: any movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane that.

Related Questions

Some cells in plant and animals are specialized for the production and release of a particular chemical, often a protein or some other regulatory molecule. These cells generally produce and release their product only when the proper signal is present. Describe the series of events in this cell that would lead from the perception of this signal to the release of the desired product. Begin by providing specific information on: 1) the transduction of the signal across the membrane by the G protein system with subsequent release of the appropriate second messenger(s); 2) the process by which the signal is amplified by the MAP kinase pathway; 3) how the product(s) produced by the MAP kinase cascade reach the nucleus to initiate the transcription of the relevant gene(s).

Assume now that transcription has already occurred, that a mature mRNA has been produced in the nucleus and has migrated to the cytosol, and that this mRNA has been recruited by a ribosome to initiate translation. Since the protein product is secretory, synthesis of the protein will be associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Continue by providing information on 4) how the free ribosome becomes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum to allow for the release of the synthesized protein into the rough ER; 5) the modification or processing of the protein that occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum; 6) the packaging and/or modification of the protein for transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus; 7) the modification, processing, and packaging of the protein in the Golgi apparatus; and 8) the steps leading to the eventual release of the target protein from the cell via exocytosis.

coffeebear201

The vesicles that transport materials from donor membranes to acceptor membranes include:

	1.	COP-II coated vesicles
	2.	COP-III coated vesicles
	3.	COP-I coated vesicles
	4.	Clathrin coated vesicles

2.5 points

QUESTION 11

During skeletal muscle contraction, the roles of ATP include:

	1.	ATP is not required for forming the crossbridges between myosin and actin filaments.
	2.	ATP is utilized as a structural linker to mediate the interaction between myosin and actin filaments
	3.	Hydrolysis of ATP provides energy for myosin head to move along actin filaments and the binding of ATP to myosin head allows the detachment of myosin fromactin filaments.
	4.	ATP binds to actin filaments to drive the power stroke of myosin head.

2.5 points

QUESTION 12

One of the functions of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is

	1.	Synthesizing steroid hormone in the endocrine cells of the gonad and adrenal cortex
	2.	Serves as the starting point of the biosynthetic pathway
	3.	Synthesizing secretory proteins
	4.	Degrading cell debris

2.5 points

QUESTION 13

The function of COP-II coated vesicles is mainly:

	1.	Transporting materials from endosomes to Golgi complex
	2.	Moving materials from the ER to the ERGIC and Golgi complex.
	3.	Transporting materials from Golgi complex back to endoplasmic reticulum.
	4.	Involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis.

2.5 points

QUESTION 14

Which of the following processes is completed in rough endoplasmic reticulum?

	1.	Chaperones help misfolded proteins fold correctly.
	2.	Proteins that target to nucleus are synthesized in rough endoplasmic reticulum.
	3.	O-linked glycosylation occurs in rough endoplasmic reticulum.
	4.	Misfolded proteins are destructed in rough endoplamic reticulum.

2.5 points

QUESTION 15

Kinesin is the motor protein that coorporates with microtubules. It has the following functions:

	1.	It uses GTP as energy source.
	2.	It can hydrolyze ATP and use the energy to drive cargo along microtubules from minus end to plus end.
	3.	It has a globular head that can act as GTPase
	4.	The tail of kinesin is more diverse and binds to cargo

2.5 points

QUESTION 16

For correct segregation and trafficking, lysosomal proteins are tagged in the cis-Golgi with phosphorylated mannose residues, and then the tagged lysosomal enzymes are recruited to clathrin coated vesicles by mannose 6-phosphate receptors.

True

False

2.5 points

QUESTION 17

The process that specialized cells, such macrophages, engulf relatively large particles is:

	1.	Called pinocytosis
	2.	Called phagocytosis
	3.	Mediated by COP-II coated vesicles
	4.	Called autophagy

2.5 points

QUESTION 18

Proteins synthesized on rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are imported co-translationally to their destinations

True

False

2.5 points

QUESTION 19

Treatment of cells with a drug that promotes microtubule disassembly disperses Golgi complex into separate stacks of membrane compartments, suggesting that:

	1.	Golgi complex is made of microtubules.
	2.	Microtubules are important for the organization of Golgi complex.
	3.	Microtubules are transported into Golgi complex
	4.	Golgi complex is composed of tubulin proteins

2.5 points

QUESTION 20

Which of the following is correct about signal sequence of a secretory protein?

	1.	It is an âaddress codesâ for protein trafficking pathways
	2.	It is usually located at the C-terminus.
	3.	It targets the ribosome and the protein that is being synthesized to endoplasmic reticulum.
	4.	It is removed in Golgi complex.

apricotgrasshopper117

1.Which of the following scenarios correctly describe a major role of plasma membrane proteins?(SELECT ANY TRUE STATEMENTS.)

A protein that helps store DNA in the nucleus

A protein traveling in the bloodstream to act as a hormone

A protein that helps transports water soluble molecules through the cell membrane

A protein that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide (gases) though the cell membrane

2.A couple decides to have a baby. The woman elects to have an amniocentesis performed. The genetic counselor determines the baby has two copies of the Sickle cell gene and will therefore suffer from Sickle Cell Anemia. What is a gene?

A strand of RNA that codes for a particular polypeptide sequence

A noncoding segment of DNA

A three-base triplet that specifies a specific amino acid

A segment of DNA that carries the instructions for one polypeptide chain

3. You decide to eat raw chicken. A white blood cell (macrophage) phagocytizes a bacterium (e.g. Salmonella) in your body, saving your life for a short period of time. Once the bacterium is taken into the white blood cell, what organelle digests the solid material?

Rough Endoplasmic reticulum

Nucleus

Golgi apparatus

Nucleolus

Peroxisome

Ribosome

Lysosome

4. A mature brain cell (neuron) is metabolically active and functional. It is likely in:

Anaphase

Telophase

Metaphase

Interphase

Prophase

Cytokinesis

BIOL 1103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Cell Membrane

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIOL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Golgi Apparatus, Nuclear Pore, Ribosome

LIFE 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cellular Respiration, Phagocytosis, Chloroplast

BME 410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Golgi Apparatus, Nuclear Membrane, Cisterna

Related Questions