BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Open Reading Frame, Start Codon, Frameshift Mutation

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redant354

29 Oct 2018

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Met-trna binds to start with initiation factors. Large subunit binds met-trna in p site. Ribosome slides one amino acid met-trna is released. Peptide bond forms with each movement of ribosome. When the a site of the ribosome reaches a stop codon a protein called release factor binds. Release factor causes the peptide to be cut from the trna in the p site and released. Release factor then causes the ribosomal subunits to separate and the mrna is released. Ribosome binds to mrna at the 5" cap. Translation stops when the ribosome reaches a stop codon. One - aug - is always the start codon. Three - uaa, uag, uga - are stop codons. Evolution has selected for open reading frames of thousands of codons with no. In a random sequence there is a 3/64 chance that a codon is a stop codon stop codons. Each mrna has 3 potential readings that start with the first, second, or third nucleotide.

Related Questions

3. Describe the aminoacylation of a tRNA reaction being careful to include information about how one particular amino acid is attached to a particular tRNA.

4. All of the following steps are part of the process of gene expression in eukaryotes. Number them toreflect the approximate order in which each occurs during this process.
a) Introns are removed from the original transcript of the gene.

b) A 5â cap is added onto the mRNA.

c) A specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase charges Val-tRNA.

d) Val-tRNA enters the A site of the ribosome.

e) The mRNA is cleaved near the poly(A) site in its 3â UTR.

f) A translation release factor binds to the stop codon.

g) RNA polymerase II initiates mRNA synthesis

h) The mRNA is transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.

i) An activator protein binds to an enhancer.

2. Below is the sequence from the 3â² end of an mRNA.

5â²-CCGUUACCAGGCCUCAUUAUUGGUAACGGAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-3â²

This sequence contains the stop codon for the protein encoded by this mRNA.
A. what is the anticodon on the tRNA in the P site of the ribosome when release factor binds to the A site?
Hint: what is the relationship between the codon and anticodon?

(a) 5â²-CCA-3â² <----- answer for A

(b) 5â²-CCG-3â²

(d) 5â²-UUA-3â²

B. What is the last amino acid on this protein? The second to last amino acid?

greenlocust186

1.What type of bond holds amino acids together in a polypeptide chain?

A. Peptide Bond B. Phosphodiester Bond C. Hydrogen Bond

2.Termination of translation takes place when the ribosome reaches:

A. A primer B. The promoter C. The start codon D. A stop codon

3. Which of the following is Different between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation?

A. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome B. Codon is complementary to anticodon C. Coding dictionary D. Occurs in same place as transcription

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BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Open Reading Frame, Start Codon, Frameshift Mutation

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