BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Animal Fat, Monounsaturated Fat, Glycerol
Document Summary
All cells use glucose (monosaccharide) as an energy source. Carotenoids and chlorophylls- capture light energy in plants. Steroids and modified fatty acids- hormones and vitamins. Oil and wax on skin, fur, and feathers repel water. Fats and oils are triglycerides (simple lipids) composed of fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty acid nonpolar hydrocarbon with a polar carboxyl group. Carboxyls bond with hydroxyls of glycerol in an ester linkage. Hydrocarbons- ch2, these make up fatty acid molecules. Saturated fatty acid- h-c-c-c-c-c-c-h no double bonds betwee carbons, saturated with h atoms. Unsaturated fatty acid- when you don"t have hydrogens at every position, basically if there are any double bonds. Triglyceride- formed by the covalent linkage of 3 fatty acid chains to one glycerol. Polyunsaturated bond- more than one (typically healthier than the monounsaturated) Triglycerides (the lipid category) focus on the structure of the triglyceride. ) Glycerol 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group. Amphipathic molecule (polar and non-polar)- phosphate region- polar, hydrophilic.
