GENETICS 155 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Embryonic Stem Cell, Bone Marrow, Kidney Disease

• School: UW-Madison
• Department: Genetics
• Course: GENETICS 155
• Professor: Christopher Tilmann

Document Summary

What are stem cells: 2 special characteristics, turn into any and all of the 200 cell types in body, can make more of themselves. Why do stem cells exist: generate all of our cells during embryonic and fetal development, regenerate or repair (some) tissues in adults, (cid:862)left-o(cid:448)ers(cid:863) fro(cid:373) de(cid:448)elop(cid:373)e(cid:374)t (cid:449)ithout a(cid:374)y (cid:272)o(cid:374)ti(cid:374)ued fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374) i(cid:374) adults. Types of human stem cells: embryonic, tissue specific (cid:862)adult(cid:863, reprogrammed (cid:862)ip (cid:272)ells(cid:863) i(cid:374)du(cid:272)ed pluripote(cid:374)t ste(cid:373) (cid:272)ells. Tissue specific (adult stem cells: limited growth, multipotent, able to differentiate into some (tissue specific) cell type, ex. Why are human stem cells valuable: can be used for bone marrow for leukemia and chemotherapy, ner(cid:448)e (cid:272)ells for parki(cid:374)so(cid:374)"s a(cid:374)d alzhei(cid:373)er"s, heart muscle cells for heart disease, pancreatic islet cells for diabetes. Disease targets of stem cells transplantation: neurodegenerative diseases, parki(cid:374)so(cid:374)"s, alzhei(cid:373)er"s, lou gehrig"s (cid:894)al (cid:895, paralysis, stroke, retinal diseases, diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, skin and joint disorders.