BIOM 3200 Lecture 3: UNIT_3_COURSELINK_NOTES_PDFpdf

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leoaragao13

25 Oct 2021

School

University of Guelph

Department

Biomedical Sciences

Course

BIOM 3200

Professor

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Document Summary

Anatomy: each human kidney weighs about 160 g and measures about 10 cm long, 5 cm wide, and. The thick segments have a simple cuboidal epithelium. Urine formation: urine formation consists of four main processes, filtration: fluid and solutes are filtered through the glomerulus and enter. Bowman"s capsule: tubular reabsorption: recovers useful solutes and water, tubular secretion: eliminates wastes from blood, water conservation: water is recovered from the filtrate, resulting in urine which then passes into the collecting ducts. On the basis of size alone, the basement membrane would exclude any molecules larger than 8 nm. Some smaller molecules (small proteins) are also held back by the negative electrical charge of the proteoglycans. Although the blood plasma is 7% protein, the glomerular filtrate is only 0. 03% protein: filtration slits. The podocyte of the glomerular capsule extends octopus like around the capillaries.

Related Questions

Options are tubular secretion, glomerular filtration, or tubular reabsorption.

1. Opposite process to tubular reabsorption

2. Water and solutes are forced from the blood into the glomerular capsule of the nephron

3. Water, glucose, amino acids, and needed ions are moved from the filtrate back into the blood

4. Aldosterone promotes sodium and thus water to move from the filtrate through the tubule cells into the blood

5. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) promotes the movement of water from the filtrate back into the blood of the peritubular capillaries

6. Unneeded substances such as potassium, urea, and creatinine are moved from the blood of the peritubular capillaries into the filtrate

sangriagoldfish405

1) A drop of urine would follow this path

a) renal pyramid/major calyx/minor calyx/renal pelvis/ureter

b) minor calyx/major calyx/renal pyramid/renal pelvis/ureter

c) renal pelvis/minor calyx/major calyx/renal pyramid/ureter

d) renal pyramid/minor calyx/major calyx/renal pelvis/ureter

2) The production of filtrate starts at

a) Loop of Henle

b) capsular space

c) distal convoluted tubule

d) proximal convoluted tubule

3) Major reabsorption of water happens by ____at the _____

a) contransport, distal convoluted tubules

b) Cl- shift, nephron loop

c) countercurrent, nephron loop

d) countercurrent, ureter

4) Angiotensin II causes production of ____to increase Na + reabsorption in the _________

a) renin; collecting duct

b) aldosterone; PCT

c) ADH; nephron loop

d) aldosterone; collecting duct

5) Most of the reabsorbed compounds from the filtrate end up in the

a) peritubular capillary

b) urine

c) nephron loop

d) DCT

6) Reabsorption of urea happens by

a) transcellular movement

b) by paracellular movement

c) by cotransport with glucose

d) by HCO3- movement

7) Transport Maximum, in urinary system terms, refers to

a) proteins performing âtransportâ out of the filtrate at maximum rate

b) the reason why a diabetic produces large volumes of diluted urine

c) excess filtrate components being urinated out of the body

d) All choices are correct

8) Urine does not drop below pH 4.5 because

a) proteins that move H+ into filtrate stop working when too much H+ builds up in filtrate

b) proteins in urine neutralize acid

c) H+ are always buffered

d) the buffering system in urine does not run out

9) Hyperkalemia will

a) activate adrenal cells to secrete aldosterone

b) can stop the heart

c) No choices are correct

d) cause reduced excitability of neurons

e) All choices are correct

amaranthgnu452

Options are aldosterone, renin, angiotensin II, or ADH

1. produced by juxtaglomerular cells

2. ___ leads to ___ formation in the blood

3. leads to vasoconstriction in systemic arterioles to increase peripheral resistance

4. ____secreted by adrenal cortex in response to____

5. ____ stimulates posterior pituitary to release ______

6. targets kidney tubules to increase sodium reabsorption

7. targets kidney collecting ducts to increase water reabsorption

8. eleased in response to decreased osmolarity in the hypothalamus

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BIOM 3200 Lecture 3: UNIT_3_COURSELINK_NOTES_PDFpdf

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