LIN241H1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Denotation, Implicature, Information Structure

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greyhornet977

31 May 2022

School

UTSG

Department

Linguistics

Course

LIN241H1

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Paradigmatic relations are meaning relations that hold between words which are. Syntagmatic relations are relations that hold between words that can occur in mutually substitutable. That small ant / that small little. Complementary pairs are antonyms where boths words cannot be true of an object and cannot both be false of an object. This means that one word must be true and one word must be false for the object they apply to. Gradable/ scalar antonyms are antonyms that when substituted in a sentence, produce sentences that are contrary, meaning they cannot both be true of an object but can both be false. Antonyms must name properties on a single scale and must have meanings that belong to the same semantic domain. Incompatible words produce contrary sentences when substituted but are not antonymous as the meanings are not related. Scalar antonyms name values that are relative while complementary pairs are generally absolute.

Related Questions

2. In one or two sentences, explain the differences between the concepts in each of the following pairs. BE BRIEF; overly long answers will be grounds for mark deductions. (a) An if statement and a while statement

Question 6.6 MARKS] Two friends like to send messages to each other, but they don't want anyone else to read the messages. To keep the messages private, they change each letter in the original message to a different letter of the alphabet. For every letter, they both know which letter will be substituted for it, which is called an encoding. The message will contain only lowercase letters. It will not contain whitespace, digits, or punctuation. The receiver of a secret message doesn't want to convert it back to the original message by hand. Instead, that person asks you to write a function to do it. Following the function design recipe, define a function that given a secret message and the encoding used, returns the original message. Choose a meaningful function name, and add a docstring that includes the type contract, the description, and two examples that return different values. You must choose the types to use to represent the data, and you will be marked not only on the correctness of the function, but also on your choice of data structures.

8. Write a class called WordSet representing a set of String objects which can contain an arbitrary number of strings, limited only by the memory available to the Java Virtual Machine. A set is a collection of elements, however, unlike a list, a set cannot contain duplicate elements. Therefore, as its name implies, a WordSet object cannot contain duplicate Strings that is, if one attempts to da String to a Wordset, and the wordset already contains an element which is equal to this string, the attempt will fail and the state of the Wordset will not change. All String comparisons performed in the methods defined in the Wordset class are done in a Case SENSITIVE manner. Note that in the method descriptions below, the phrase "this Wordset" means "the Wordset on which the method in question is called." Your Wordset class MUST provide the following INSTANCE methods • A constructor, which takes no parameters and initializes the new Wordset ohject so that it contains no elements • A method called add(), which takes as its only parameter a string and returns a value of type boolean. If this Wordset already contains a string which is equal to the parameter string, or the parameter String is null, then the state of this Wordset does not change and the method return false; otherwise, the parameter String is added to this Wordset. and the method returns true. • A method called remove().which takes as its only parameter a string and returns a value of type boolean. If this wordSet contains a string which is equal to the parameter String this string is removed from the WordSet and the method returns true. On the other hand, if the string parameter is null or this Wordset does not contain a string which is equal to the parameter string, then the state of this wordset does not change, and the method return false. • A method called get.size(), which takes no parameters and returns the number of strings currently stored in this Wordset. This method MUST NOT change the state of this Wordset. • A method called isMember(). which takes as its only parameter a string and retumsa value of type boolean which is true if this wordset contains the parameter String false otherwise. If the parameter String is null, this method also return false. This method MUST NOT change the state of this wordset. • A method called computebirrerence().which takes as its only parameter a Wordset and returns a new Wordset representing the difference between this wordset and the parameter Wordset: in other words, the WordSet returned by this method contains all the strings that are in this wordset, but not in the parameter Wordset. If the parameter Wordset contains all the elements of this WordSet or this WordSet contains no elements, then this method returns a new Wordset containing no elements. Finally, if the parameter Wordset is null or contains ne strings, then this method returns a new wordset which contains all the elements of this wordset. This method MUST NOT change the state of this wordset or the parameter Wordset. • A method called tostring , which takes the parameters and turns a string which is the textual representation of this wordset. This textual representation consists of the concatena tion of the following clements - The String - The text representation of each clement in the WordSet; cach pair of adjacent clements is separated by the String", but this String MUST NOT appear before the first clement or after the last element - The String") The order in which the elements of this Wordset appear in the textual representation generated by the tostring() method does not matter. If the WordSet contains to Brings, then the textual representation returned by this method is ". Note that you MUST respect proper encapsulation practices that is, the attributes and methods of your class MUST be declared using the proper visibility modifier NINT Um an array list (of string) to keep track of the string stored in a wordt ob joot Is there a method defined in the Array loist class which determines whether in clementis already wored in an array ist, and which will do a case-sensitive comparison when liked on an Arraylint of strings? See the pages 24-26 of this examination for information about potentially useful methods defined by the ArrayList class WRITE YOUR Wordset CLASS IN THE SPACE BELOW:

LIN241H1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Denotation, Implicature, Information Structure

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