BIOL 2P95 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Trolley Problem, Oncology, Situation Two

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victorianguyen46

2 Feb 2023

School

Brock University

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BIOL 2P95

Professor

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Moral dilemmas: goal is is there a way to solve a moral dilemma using philosophical theories or is it unsolvable? . Is there good reason to choose either a over b or vice versa: ex. telling a patient they have an illness if you are a doctor. If they are told they are never going to recover it may do worse overtime. Pulling the lever is technically not committing the act. Distance between me and the person dying, actively touching the person dying activates emotions, but do emotions really matter: the baby problem. Why do moral dilemmas arise: the moral rules such as do not kill effects our choice because of moral values, conflict of moral values: some people value different things so sometimes we are going to have different choices. Incomparability: saving one child over the other for example. You cannot compare or value one over the other if they are your children.

Related Questions

I know that power analysis is the statistically valid way toensure you use the correct numer of samples or repeats in anexperiment. But I have never seen any biologist actually conduct apower analysis. Mostly, researchers seems to use a rule of thumb(three technical, three biological replicates is a common one).

Should I be doing a power analysis each time I design anexperiment, or can I just use one of the common biology rules ofthumb? If not, what are the consequences for the validity of myresults? And is there a situation where I will be required to usepower analysis, which makes it advantageous to get used to doing itnow?

Deficits in intellectual functioning may be the result of several factors: Genetic abnormalities, such as Down Syndrome or uncontrolled PKU; problems during pregnancy, such as in cell division if the mother consumes alcohol; problems at birth, such as insufficient oxygen reaching the babyâs brain; and health problems after birth, such as extreme malnutrition or contracting meningitis.In the United States, about 3 out of 100 people are intellectually disabled.Thankfully, about 87% of this population is diagnosed as mildly disabled while only 13% have IQ scores of 50 and below (The Arc, 2001).Your task in this discussion is to examine intellectual disability from a social perspective. Think about itâ¦The large majority of intellectually disabled people are classified as trainable or educable. This means that they work, get married, and raise families. Typically, these individuals marry those who have similar intellectual skills. The most likely outcome for the children born to these couples is that they too suffer from some degree of intellectual deficit.

Should society limit the rights of mentally retarded people to have and raise children? Does what is good for the society override the rights of its intellectually disabled members? What are the ethical concerns --- for the society? For the individuals? Should the current social practice of non-interference stay? What may be some other less radical alternatives for society to consider?

At least one cited reference

One summer in the late 1990s, a group of tourists from the United Kingdom became ill after they all stayed at the same hotel in Greece. Epidemiologists conducted surveys among all the people who had stayed at that hotel during the 2.5 half week period in which people were reporting their illnesses. They did this in an attempt to determine the cause of the symptoms, which were primarily diarrhea and nausea. They surveyed 239 people; 224 of them reported having been ill while they were still on vacation or shortly after their return. Their diarrheal symptoms lasted 10-15 days. Seventy of the 224 people who reported illness were classified has having definite cases of gastrointestinal disease. A case was called âdefiniteâ when a pathogen could actually be recovered from their stool. Of these, the vast majority tested positive for one particular microorganism.

1. Microscopic analysis of the stool samples revealed the presence of small oval shaped structures, with defined outer walls and 2 to 4 nuclei inside that looked like seeds. What is your diagnosis?

2.What organisms should be included in the differential diagnosis of this infection?

3. What features of the symptoms suggest that the causative organisms in not likely to be Staphylococcus aureus?

4.Epidemiologists interviewed the patients about their vacation activities and food intake to try to identify the environmental source of the infection. There was no relationship between illness and a personâs attending one of the scheduled childrenâs activities at the hotel. Only two types of food available in the dining room seemed to be associated with the illness: raw vegetables and salads. There was also a statistically significant relationship between illness and having consumed orange juice made from a mix (with hotel water). So what was the likely source?â

5. Why would an epidemiologist even ask about a person's attendance at children's activities?

6. Are there any symptoms that would help to distinguish this type of diarrheal illness from others?

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BIOL 2P95 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Trolley Problem, Oncology, Situation Two

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