Question

Consider a species that can switch between two phenotypes: W is a weak competitor phenotype, C is a strong competitor phenotype. Like the tadpoles, this species typically expresses the W phenotype until it senses a competitive environment, at which point it switches to C (“competition-induced plasticity”). If C individuals more effectively compete for resources, why aren’t all individuals C always (why is W the default)? Choose correct answer 1. Traits that improve competitive ability are often costly in low-competition environments

2. C individuals are limited by strict social organization, which favors W phenotypes

3. C individuals don't have the necessary mutations

4. C and W individuals have different genes and cannot easily switch except through mutation