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How could we determine if the MH1 plasmid carries the ampicillin resistance gene?

A) Look at the plasmid on a gel
B) Sequence the plasmid DNA
C) See if it can transform normal E. coli
D) See if the plasmid digests ampicillin

What procedure might the BEST way to find out an MH1 gene is related to any known genes from other organisms?

A) Compare multiple PCR markers across species
B) Sequence the DNA from the gene and use a BLAST search
C) Transform different bacteria and grow them on different antibiotics
D) Miniprep a plasmid and use a restriction digest

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Keith Leannon
Keith LeannonLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

What procedure or test might you use to determine if the MH1 bacteria have a plasmid?

A) A miniprep
B) PCR
C) BLAST analysis
D) A restriction digest

A plasmid that carries two antibiotic resistance genes, to ampicillin and tetracycline, respectively, has one restriction site for EcoRI located within the tetracycline resistance gene. Eukaryotic DNA containing a gene of interest (g.o.i.) has been digested with diffferent restriction enzymes, none of which cut within the gene of interest sequence). The resultant fragments are added to plasmid DNA that has been digested with EcoR1 only; the mixture was then incubated with DNA ligase. Resulting plasmids (recombinant and otherwise) are added to competent bacteria lacking resistance genes and growing in nutrient broth. The bacteria are then plated and allowed to grow overnight producing isolated colonies. Samples of these colonies are then grown in four different media: nutrient broth plus ampicillin; nutrient broth plus tetracycline; nutrient broth plus ampicillin and tetracycline; and nutrient broth containing no antibiotics.

1. The bacteria containing the plasmid with the gene of interest successfully insertedin would grow in

A. Tthe nutrient broth only.

B. The nutrient broth, the ampicillin broth, and the tetracycline broth.

C. Tthe nutrient broth and the tetracycline broth only.

D. The ampicillin broth and the nutrient broth.E.Tthe ampicillin and tetracycline broth only.

2. Bacteria transformed with the plasmid alone (not containing any eukaryotic DNA), would grow

A. Only in the broth containing both antibiotics.

B. In the nutrient broth plus ampicillin, but not in the broth containing tetracycline.

C. In the broth containing tetracycline, but not in the broth containing ampicillin.

D. Only in the broth that contained no antibiotics.

E. In all four types of broth.

4. Bacteria that did not take up any plasmids at all would grow in which media?

A. The tetracycline and ampicillin broth only

B. The nutrient broth and the tetracycline broth only

C. The nutrient broth and the ampicillin broth only

D. The nutrient broth only

E. All four broths

HELP ASAP; Please help me understand my lab results, so be detailed to clearly understand

Then , Please include answers to the question below to include in your response

1. what role does ampicilin (amp) and arabinose (ara) play in the experiment.

2) Because GFP was isolated from jelly fisht, what modification to the GFP DNA had to be made to result in expression in E. coli?

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Transformation of GFP and the pGLO Plasmid GFP is a commonly used reporter protein in research labs, as the fluorescence creates a marker protein that can be used in many types of cell biology and biochemical studies. In basic research, GFP is often fused to a specific target protein of interest, creating a chimeric reporter protein. GFP has been used as a reporter protein to study blood vessel and tumor progression in mice, brain activity in mice, and malaria eradication in mosquitoes for instance (see website mentioned in notes). In the first week you will use a procedure to genetically transform bacteria with the gene that codes for Green Fluorescent Protein. Following the transformation procedure, the bacteria express their newly acquired jellyfish gene and produce the fluorescent protein, which causes them to glow a brilliant green color under ultraviolet light. During the second week you will purify the protein away from all of the other proteins produced by the bacteria using chromatography, and during the third week you will evaluate the success of the purification procedure and estimate the size (molecular weight) of GFP by using sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Fundamental to the process of genetic transformation of bacteria are plasmids. In addition to one large chromosome, bacteria naturally contain one or more small circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. Plasmid DNA usually contains genes for one or more traits that may be beneficial to bacterial survival. In nature, bacteria can transfer plasmids back and forth allowing them to share these beneficial genes. This natural mechanism allows bacteria to adapt to new environments. The occurrence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is due in large part to the transmission of plasmids which contain antibiotic resistance genes. The pGLO plasmid contains the gene for GFP, and also contains the gene for the enzyme β-lactamase (bla), which provides resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin. The β-lactamase protein is produced and secreted by bacteria that contain the plasmid. β-Lactamase inactivates the ampicillin present in the LB nutrient agar, allowing bacterial growth. Only transformed bacteria that contain the plasmid and express β-lactamase can survive on plates that contain ampicillin. Only a very small percentage of the cells take up the plasmid DNA and are transformed. Untransformed cells cannot grow on the ampicillin selection plates. pGLO also incorporates a special gene regulation system, which can be used to control expression of the fluorescent protein in transformed cells. The gene for GFP can be switched on in transformed cells by adding the sugar arabinose to the cells’ nutrient medium. Selection for cells that have been transformed with pGLO DNA is accomplished by growth on antibiotic plates. Transformed cells will appear white (wild-type phenotype) on plates not containing arabinose, and fluorescent green when arabinose is included in the nutrient agar medium.

The transformation procedure involves three main steps. These steps are intended to introduce the plasmid DNA into the E. coli cells and provide an environment for the cells to express their newly acquired genes. 1) Cells are first treated with a solution of CaCl2, which is thought to neutralize the repulsive negative charges of the phosphate backbone of DNA and the phospholipids of the cell membrane, allowing the DNA to adhere to the cells. This is referred to making the cells ‘competent’ (i.e. the cells are capable, or competent, to take-in exogenous DNA). 2) Cells are then subjected to a heat shock, which is thought to increase the permeability of the cell membrane, allowing the cells to take-in the plasmid DNA. 3) Cells are allowed to grow in a ‘recovery’ phase in the absence of ampicillin. During this time the cells begin to produce the β-lactamase protein, which will allow them to survive when they are subsequently placed on agar plates containing ampicillin.

For the first week section of lab

To eac

h of two microfuge tubes, add 250ul of transformation buffer. Keep these tubes on ice.

Using a sterile loop, pick one colony of bacteria from the LB plate. Transfer this colony to one of the microfuge tubes.

Gently vortex the tube until the colony is dispersed. Repeat for the second tube. Add 0.08ug of DNA to one of these tubes (+DNA tube).

Incubate both tubes on ice for 10 minutes. Incubate both tubes at 42°C for 50 seconds.

Incubate both tubes on ice for 2 minutes. Add 250ul of LB broth to each tube and incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes. Flick each tube gently. Add 100ul of t

his transformation mix to the appropriate plates.

Results For plates:

+DNA: Has the E. Coli pGlo plasmid and - DNA plates do no have EColi pGLo plasmid .

Amp means ampiclin and Ara means arabinose on agar plates

+ DNA Plate LB/amp/ara--> white 9 colonies, Glow: yes

+DNA LB/amp--> 7 colonies, GLow: no

--DNA LB/AMP- 1 colony so no colony growth and no glovw

-DNA: LB--> many colonies, Glow: no

Please explain significance of result or thand the reason for the results in scientific terms based on the background information provided and your own knowledge to be detailed. Would these results be expected as wll.

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