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2. When the Isthmus of Panama between North and South America was uncovered, some North American mammal lineages crossed to South America and underwent rapid speciation into many new species. (a and b worth 1 point each, c worth 2 points)

a) For terrestrial species, did the occurrence of the land bridge represent a vicariance or dispersal event?

b) Did the recent construction of the Panama Canal represent a vicariance or dispersal event for terrestrial organisms? For marine organisms? Explain your answers.

c) Morphologically similar species of snapping shrimp that are each others' closest relatives live on either side of the Isthmus of Panama. Explain why this observation supports the hypothesis that speciation occurred via vicariance.

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Jarrod Robel
Jarrod RobelLv2
28 Sep 2019

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