1.
What is a caveolae?
A) âBubblesâ found on the surface of the plasma membrane
B) Small invaginations of the plasma membrane
C) Invaginations of the rough ER
D) Specialized vesicles
2.
Using Figure 1, how many ways can estrogen signaling beinitiated in vascular endothelial cells (ECS)?
A) One
B) Four
C) Three
D) Two
3.
What was one of the results scientists found after activation ofthe membrane-bound estrogen receptor?
A) Vascular protective effects
B) Accelerated cancerous growth in breast tissue
C) Stimulation of cell division in breast/uterine tissue
D) Accelerated cancerous growth in uterine tissue
4.
Using the description of Fig. 1, how do ligand-activatedtranscription factors function?
A) They are membrane bound receptors that bind estrogen as aligand.
B) They are imported into the nucleus as dimers afterligand-binding and then help initiation transcription.
C) None of these are correct.
D) They are always bound to the DNA, but require ligand binding tofunction.
5.
What is one result of estrogen binding a membrane-bound estrogenreceptor in vascular tissue, thereby activating the rapid,non-nuclear signaling pathway?
A) Decreased cell growth
B) Decreased cell migration
C) Production of nitric oxide
6.
The membrane-bound estrogen receptor is located________________.
A) somewhere in the membrane (i.e., researchers do not know theanswer)
B) as a transmembrane protein
C) on the intracellular leaflet of the membrane
D) on the extracellular leaflet of the membrane
7.
The timing of estrogen therapy during menopause in women mayaffect the role estrogen plays in the cardiovascular system.
A) True
B) False
8.
What ligand is used in this study to activate the membrane-boundestrogen receptor?
A) A G-protein
B) Estrogen dendimer conjugate (EDC)
C) Nitric oxide
D) 17b-Estrogen
9.
Does estrogen dendimer conjugate (EDC) activate estrogenreceptors that are non-membrane bound (i.e., cytoplasmic ornuclear)?
A) No
B) Yes
10.
The ligand EDC causes cell migration and proliferation in whichof the following tissues? (Check all that apply)
A) Vascular (i.e., vessel) tissue
B) Ovarian tissue
C) Breast tissue
D) Uterine tissue
1.
What is a caveolae?
A) âBubblesâ found on the surface of the plasma membrane
B) Small invaginations of the plasma membrane
C) Invaginations of the rough ER
D) Specialized vesicles
2.
Using Figure 1, how many ways can estrogen signaling beinitiated in vascular endothelial cells (ECS)?
A) One
B) Four
C) Three
D) Two
3.
What was one of the results scientists found after activation ofthe membrane-bound estrogen receptor?
A) Vascular protective effects
B) Accelerated cancerous growth in breast tissue
C) Stimulation of cell division in breast/uterine tissue
D) Accelerated cancerous growth in uterine tissue
4.
Using the description of Fig. 1, how do ligand-activatedtranscription factors function?
A) They are membrane bound receptors that bind estrogen as aligand.
B) They are imported into the nucleus as dimers afterligand-binding and then help initiation transcription.
C) None of these are correct.
D) They are always bound to the DNA, but require ligand binding tofunction.
5.
What is one result of estrogen binding a membrane-bound estrogenreceptor in vascular tissue, thereby activating the rapid,non-nuclear signaling pathway?
A) Decreased cell growth
B) Decreased cell migration
C) Production of nitric oxide
6.
The membrane-bound estrogen receptor is located________________.
A) somewhere in the membrane (i.e., researchers do not know theanswer)
B) as a transmembrane protein
C) on the intracellular leaflet of the membrane
D) on the extracellular leaflet of the membrane
7.
The timing of estrogen therapy during menopause in women mayaffect the role estrogen plays in the cardiovascular system.
A) True
B) False
8.
What ligand is used in this study to activate the membrane-boundestrogen receptor?
A) A G-protein
B) Estrogen dendimer conjugate (EDC)
C) Nitric oxide
D) 17b-Estrogen
9.
Does estrogen dendimer conjugate (EDC) activate estrogenreceptors that are non-membrane bound (i.e., cytoplasmic ornuclear)?
A) No
B) Yes
10.
The ligand EDC causes cell migration and proliferation in whichof the following tissues? (Check all that apply)
A) Vascular (i.e., vessel) tissue
B) Ovarian tissue
C) Breast tissue
D) Uterine tissue
