Question

Case-1: Patient History A.C. is a 79-year-old man living in a long-term care facility. He has had multiple medical diagnoses, including heart failure (HF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a stroke. He is bedridden and receiving enteral tube feedings. He has chronic diarrhea thought to be related to his tube feedings. He receives digoxin and furosemide (Lasix) to manage his heart failure. Analyze this case study and answer the next three questions that follow.

Case-1: Question-1

A.C. is prone to several acid-base and fluid-electrolyte disorders. Which of the following is/are true for this patient? (select all that apply)

Hypernatremia

Respiratory acidosis

Hypokalemia

Saline excess

Case-1: Question-2

How would A.C. attempt to compensate for respiratory acidosis should it occur?

Compensation through renal production of more bicarbonate ions.

Compensation through hypoventilation.

Compensation through hyperventilation.

Compensation through renal excretion of bicarbonate ions.

Case-1: Question-3

What acid-base imbalance might occur as a result of A.C.’s chronic diarrhea? (select all that apply)

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis