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15 Sep 2018

How does a mutation in the RAS gene lead to uncontrolled cellular division?

The RAS protein becomes stuck in the âonâ position.

A The RAS protein can no longer act as a tumor suppressor.

B The RAS protein becomes stuck in the âoffâ position.

C The RAS protein gets stuck in the plasma membrane.

D The RAS protein can no longer act to repair DNA damage.

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Tod ThielLv2

16 Sep 2018

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Related questions

Problem 2. Below is a list of hypothetical genes with the indicated function. Which genes

could be classified as a tumor suppressor? (12pts)
(a) Gene A: Promotes Apoptosis
(b) Gene B: Inhibits Cell Cycle
(c) Gene C: Promotes Cellular Differentiation
(d) Gene D: Extends Chromosome Ends During Cell Division (e) Gene E: Promotes Angiogenesis

(f) Gene F: Inhibits Angiogenesis

Short Answer

Problem 3. Explain why a protein involved in DNA repair would be considered a tumor suppressor. (10pts)

Problem 4. PTEN is a phosphatase. What is the enzymatic function of a phosphatase? (8pts)

Problem 5. PTEN inhibits the EGFR pathway by inhibiting PI3K. Is PTEN a tumor suppressor or an oncogene? (8pts)

Problem 6. Explain loss of heterozygosity. Be sure to incorporate the concepts of germ line mutations and somatic mutations in your answer.(12pts)

tantermite355

B__1) Driver mutations provide a growth advantage to a tumor cell. Which type of mutation is known to accumulate in cancer cells but has no direct contribution to the cancer phenotype?

A) alteration mutations B) passenger mutations C) carrier mutations

D) indirect mutations E) insignificant mutations

_A__2) Which of the following general mechanisms appear to be involved in the formation of cancer cells?

A) genomic instability, DNA repair failure, chromatin modifications

B) inversions, operon formation, methylation

C) RNA failure, DNA phosphorylation, phosphorylation of adenyl cyclase

D) transdetermination, mutation, allosteric interactions

E) suppression, tabulation, projection

_A__3) What is the name of the protein that combines with cyclins to exert local control of the cell cycle?

A) cyclin-dependent kinase B) phosphatase C) ATPase D) integrase E) hexokinase

_D__4) A protein functions as a cell-cycle regulator that causes cell death (apoptosis) to a damaged cell. What is the symbol given to this protein?

A) p34 B) p102 C) cyclin D) p53 E) phosphokinase

_A__5) The retinoblastoma protein (pRB), like p53, serves as a(n) ________ in regulating the cell cycle.

A) tumor suppressor B) tumor enhancer C) up regulator D) oncogene E) pseudooncogene

_C__6) Mutant versions of genes that are normally involved in promoting the cell cycle are known as ________.

A) tumor suppressors B) proto-oncogenes C) oncogenes D) malignant genes E) attenuators

_B__7) In sporadic cases of retinoblastoma, how many gene mutations are thought to be necessary in the same cell for a tumor to develop?

A) one B) two C) four D) six

__D_8) What is the name of the protein that appears to regulate the entry of cells into an S phase? This protein is also known as the "guardian of the genome."

A) p34 B) p102 C) cyclin D) p53 E) phosphokinase

You are interested in studying the origins of cancer and join a research lab to do so. You find that many cancer cell lines have mutations in the gene DRG1. You further investigate the mutations to DRG1 and find that some of the cell lines have mutations that affect expression of DRG1, so that no DRG1 mRNA is made in these cells, while other cell lines have mutations that lead the cells to produce a non-functional DRG1 protein.

a) Is DRG1 a proto-oncogene or a tumor suppressor? Explain your reasoning.

b) Your labmates propose several hypotheses about the possible role for DRG1 in normal cells. For each hypothesis, state whether or not you think it makes sense and explain your reasoning. a. DRG1 normally acts to repair DNA damage. b. DRG1 is a receptor for a mitogen (a signaling molecule that promotes cell division)

c. DRG1 is a receptor for a signaling molecule that causes apoptosis (programmed cell death).