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26 Nov 2018

1) A paragraph of an explanation of what is microbe, providing specific examples of each type of microbe. a) a comparison of the cell structure and organization of microbes c) the types of habitats occupied by microbes d) how each kind of microbe interacts with the human body- in both a positive and negative way

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Nestor RutherfordLv2

27 Nov 2018

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1. Give two methods you would use to determine if bacteria have flagella.

2. McConkey agar plates are used to isolate enteric bacteria. It contains bile salts and crystal violet which inhibits the growth of Gram (+) bacteria. The plate also contains lactose and a neutral red pH indicator in order to detect fermentation. Plates were grown at 37Â°C. (Note: if you choose to answer this question you must answer both part A and B)

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30. Microbe-Human Interactions.

a. Define pathogen, disease, normal flora. Under what conditions might a normal flora organism cause disease.

b. What parts of the body should stay absolutely sterile under normal circumstances.

c. How are Kochâs postulates used.

d. Define communicable, non-communicable, acute, chronic, endemic, epidemic, pandemic,

symptomatic, asymptomatic, and subclinical.

e. For a disease to be spread, there must be a reservoir, mode of transmission, and portal of entry.

f. For humans, what is the most significant reservoir.

g. Define : direct contact, droplet transmission, indirect contact, vehicle transmission, arthropod vectors

h. For a microorganism to cause disease, it typically must attach to host tissue, overcome the host defense, and cause tissue damage.What structures are used for attachment.What are some ways in which microorganisms overcome the host immune system.What distinguishes exotoxins from endotoxin.

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b. What are the steps of phagocytosis and inflammation? What are the 3 complement pathways?

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d. There are two major types of specific immunity, humoral and cell-mediated.

e. Humoral immunity involves B cells and antibodies. What are the major classes and activities of antibodies.

f. Cell mediated immunity involves T cells. What are 2 major types of T cells? What are their activities.

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a. Gram positive cocci in grape-like clusters.

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