Log in
Biology
2
answers
0
watching
8
views

Cite examples of the host “ecosystems” selecting for specific normal flora and how the composition/biochemistry of the normal flora modify the host’s biology. Be specific in your explanation.

Watch
2
answers
0
watching
8
views

For unlimited access to Homework Help, a Homework+ subscription is required.

Unlock all answers

Get 1 free homework help answer.
Get unlimited access
Already have an account? Log in
Share
Collen Von
Collen VonLv2
17 Feb 2019
Get unlimited access
Already have an account? Log in
Share

Related textbook solutions

Molecular Cell Biology
8 Edition,
Lodish
ISBN: 9781464183393
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology
6 Edition,
Belk
ISBN: 9780134555430
Biology
2nd Edition, 2013
Openstax
ISBN: 9781947172517
Concepts of Biology
OER Edition,
Openstax
ISBN: 9781938168116
Essentials of Biology
5 Edition,
Mader
ISBN: 9781259660269

Related questions

  1. Describe how microbes of the normal flora in the human body canbecome opportunistic pathogens. Give one (1)example of a normal flora that can become opportunistic in thebody:
  1. Describe three (3) common bacterial skininfections. Be sure to give the name of the specific organism thatcauses each and describe some common signs and symptoms ofeach:

  1. Describe three (3) common fungal infections (mycoses) of theskin. Be sure to give the name of the specific organism that causeseach and describe some common signs and symptoms of each:

  1. Describe three (3) different types of respiratory infectionscaused by bacteria. Be sure to give the name ofthe specific organism that causes each and describe some commonsigns and symptoms of each:
  1. Discuss the difference between emerging infectious diseases andreemerging infectious diseases. Give examples of each.
  1. Briefly discuss and describe three (3) commonviral respiratory infections. Be sure to give thename of the specific virus that causes each as well as some signsand symptoms for each:

  1. Describe three (3) common fungal respiratoryinfections and the name of the specific organism that causes themas well as some signs and symptoms for each:

30. Microbe-Human Interactions.

a. Define pathogen, disease, normal flora. Under what conditions might a normal flora organism cause disease.

b. What parts of the body should stay absolutely sterile under normal circumstances.

c. How are Koch’s postulates used.

d. Define communicable, non-communicable, acute, chronic, endemic, epidemic, pandemic,

symptomatic, asymptomatic, and subclinical.

e. For a disease to be spread, there must be a reservoir, mode of transmission, and portal of entry.

f. For humans, what is the most significant reservoir.

g. Define : direct contact, droplet transmission, indirect contact, vehicle transmission, arthropod vectors

h. For a microorganism to cause disease, it typically must attach to host tissue, overcome the host defense, and cause tissue damage.What structures are used for attachment.What are some ways in which microorganisms overcome the host immune system.What distinguishes exotoxins from endotoxin.

31. Immune Defenses.

a. What are the major elements of the first, second, and third lines of defense.

b. What are the steps of phagocytosis and inflammation? What are the 3 complement pathways?

c. Which lines of defense are considered specific? Which are considered non-specific?

d. There are two major types of specific immunity, humoral and cell-mediated.

e. Humoral immunity involves B cells and antibodies. What are the major classes and activities of antibodies.

f. Cell mediated immunity involves T cells. What are 2 major types of T cells? What are their activities.

32. Staphylococcus aureus.

a. Gram positive cocci in grape-like clusters.

b. Skin infections (scalded skin syndrome, impetigo) (many other types of infection are also possible).

33. Streptococcus pyogenes.

a. Gram positive cocci in chains.

a. Strep throat, skin/wound infections (impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis “flesh eating disease”), scarlet fever (other types of infection are also possible)

Please discuss the mechanisms that Bordetella pertussis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilize to cause disease in the respiratory tract. You must state what disease these microorganisms cause and what role does transduction play in their disease causing process. In addition, please discuss the host immune defenses the microbes would have to overcome to be successful at causing disease. Also, please discuss what the microbe could contain that would allow them to overcome these host immune responses, and the association between normal flora and respiratory tract infections. Include a discussion what roles personal hygiene, quorum sensing and sequential timing play in microbial respiratory tract diseases. What’s a receptor-mediated process? What’s the significance of SOD and catalase to the pathogenesis of Bordetella pertussis? What’s an obligate aerobe? What’s generalized and specialized transduction and their significance to the pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

Weekly leaderboard

Home
Homework Help 3,900,000
Biology 460,000
Start filling in the gaps now
Log in