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13 Dec 2019

A substance was found to have a renal clearance that was lower than the glomerular filtration rate. In regards to this substance, what major processes of urine formation are certain to have occurred? Briefly explain why each of the three major urine formation processes either has or has not occurred.

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Related questions

A.What happened to the following as the afferent radius increased?

- glomerular pressure

- glomerular filtration rate

- urine volume

B. If the efferent radius increased and the afferent radius stayed the same, would you see different or the same effects? Why?

C. What does the âbeaker pressureâ represent?

D. What happened to the following as the beaker pressure increased?

- glomerular pressure

- glomerular filtration rate

- urine volume

E. Looking at how urine volume changed with increasing âbeakerâ pressure, how would this be beneficial to the body?

F. If the body was not able to regulate glomerular filtration rate, what kind of problems would occur because of this increase in pressure?

G. Define renal autoregulation.

H. What are the two mechanisms that help maintain glomerular filtration rate under renal autoregulation?

I. Which mechanism of renal autoregulation does this experiment correspond to?

J. How was urine volume and urine concentration affected in the presence of aldosterone? Explain these results.

K. How was urine volume and urine concentration affected in the presence of ADH? Explain these results.

L. What stimulate the release of aldosterone?

M. What stimulates the release of ADH?

N. How do both of these hormones work in regulating blood pressure?

chocolatecat131

E. Looking at how urine volume changed with increasing âbeakerâ pressure, how would this be beneficial to the body?

F. If the body was not able to regulate glomerular filtration rate, what kind of problems would occur because of this increase in pressure?

G. Define renal autoregulation.

H. What are the two mechanisms that help maintain glomerular filtration rate under renal autoregulation?

I. Which mechanism of renal autoregulation does this experiment correspond to?

J. How was urine volume and urine concentration affected in the presence of aldosterone? Explain these results.

K. How was urine volume and urine concentration affected in the presence of ADH? Explain these results.

L. What stimulate the release of aldosterone?

M. What stimulates the release of ADH?

N. How do both of these hormones work in regulating blood pressure?

chocolatecat131

Case-3: Patient History

P.W. is 23 years old. He was the victim of a hit-and-run auto-pedestrian accident and suffered multiple abrasions, a concussion, and a deep laceration of his left thigh. He was discovered approximately 2 hours after the incident and is now in the emergency department. P.W.âs vital signs and hematocrit suggest that he has had a blood loss of about 2500 ml. A urinary catheter is inserted to monitor urine output, and fluid resuscitation is initiated while his wounds are cleaned and sutured. The urine output is averaging 15 ml/hr, with a high urine osmolality and low urine sodium.

Analyze this case study and answer the next four questions that follow.

Case-3: Question-3

In addition to urine output, what laboratory data should be monitored to assess changes in P.W.âs renal function? (select all that apply)

A) Creatinine clearance can be measured to more accurately assess glomerular filtration rate.

B) Serum BUN, creatinine, and potassium should be monitored. An increase indicates decreased renal function.