PSY240H1 Chapter 3: Chapter 3 Key Terms & Notes
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PSY240H1 Full Course Notes
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Scientific method: steps designed to obtain and evaluate information relevant to a problem in a systematic way. Null hypothesis: the expectation, that there is no relationship between the phenomena being studied in this case, stress and depression. Variable: a factor or characteristic that can vary within an individual or between individuals. For example, weight, mood, neurotransmitter levels, etc these vary over time whereas, height, sex, and ethnicity are factors that do not vary over time for individuals but can vary from one individual to another. Dependent variable: the factor being predicted in a study when trying to predict depressive symptoms as a result of stress depression would be the dependent variable. Independent variable: the factor that is believed to affect the dependent variable for example stress (manipulated variable) Operationalizations: the way a researcher measure or manipulates the variables in a study. Case studies: detailed histories of individuals who have suffered a form of psychological disorder.