PSYC 2030 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Odds Ratio, Meta-Analysis, Dependent And Independent Variables
24 Mar 2013
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Study guide: chapter 12 understanding p values and effect size indicators. Besides describing data and measuring relationships many behavioral researchers are usually interested in making comparisons using statistical tests such as t, f, and chi-square. Null hypothesis significance testing (nhst) -> traditional procedure. Much has been written about common misconceptions regarding statistical significance, it remains a source of confusion for many people. Miller noted that many meical specialists mistakenly view statistical significance as a proxy for the degree of improvement a new treatment must make for it to be clinically meaningful . On the other hand, misconceptions and illusions abound about the implications of certain effect size indicators and can result in people drawing unwarranted conclusions. We call the three families of effect sizes a) the correlation (or r-type) family, b) the difference family and c) ratio family. The emphasis in this chapter is on r-type effect size indicators, such as the point-biserial r and the phi coefficient.
