PHYSICS 1L03 Lecture Notes - Bowling Ball, Standard Model, Rolling Resistance
14 May 2013
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Document Summary
There are only four types of forces in the universe: gravity, electromagnetism, weak nuclear and strong. Most physicists believe that all four of these forces are actually different manifestations are actually different manifestations of a single underlying force. Electric forces and magnetic forces were not unified until the early part of the 20th century. Gravity: the result of an object having mass: holds planets and stars together, makes things fall. Electromagnetism: the force between charges: responsible for all familiar everyday forces (except gravity) Weak nuclear forces: known for radioactive decay, where a neuron in an atom spontaneously decays into a proton, releasing a high-energy electron and an antineutrino: changes one flavour of quark into another. Strong nuclear forces: responsible for holding atomic nuclei together: most of the elements on the periodic table have atomic nuclei with multiple protons. The protons are positively charged and are extremely close together.
