Sociology 2266A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Bipolar Disorder, Psychopathy, Clifford Olson
9 Dec 2013
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Cognitive functioning is central to social learning theory. Role of modelling: a form of learning that occurs as a results of watching and imitating others, individuals can learn new behaviours through direct experience or by observing the behaviours of others. Bandura also found that deterrence takes 2 forms: direct. Punishment is used to discourage current transgressors of such activity in the future: vicarious. Punishment serves as a general detterant to others. Bandura identifies 3 major sources of deterrence against criminal activity: legal sanction. Legal consequences to transgressions: social sanction. Reflect negative social consequences that criminal stigmatization can have for an individual: self sanction. Use of rewards and punishments to increase the probability or frequency of a given response. Bf skinner the basic process by which an individual"s behaviour is shaped by reinforcement or by punishment. One way response can be learned is by shaping: rewarding approximations of some target behaviour until the behaviour gradually progresses to the desired response.
