Psychology 2040A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Mental Scale, Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence, Twin Study

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 2040A/B
• Professor: Ian Mac Donald

Document Summary

Psychometric approach: intelligence is a trait or set of traits on which individs differ. Factor analysis: one or many abilities? (spearman"s g, thurstones primary mental abilities) Later factor analytic models (guilfords structure of intellect model, cattell and horns fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence) Hierarchical models: general ability factor, specialized ability factors (carrolls three stratum theory of intelligence) Information-processing perspective (sternberg"s triarchic theory: context, experience, information-processing skills) Gardner"s theory of multiple intelligences (linguistic, spatial, logical-mathematical, musical, body-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist, spiritual) Wechsler scales (wppsi-11, wisc-iiv: both include verbal and non verbal performance measures) The bayley scales of infant development (2-30 months; motor scale, mental scale, behavioural record) uses developmental quotient, predictive value poor for later iq. Scores at age 8 correlate with scores at age 18 (. 70) Twin studies: identical twins iq correlated more than fraternal. Adoption studies: adopted childrens iqs resemble biological parents more than adopted parents. Adoption studies: adoption to more advantaged family and iq.