BIO 1140 Study Guide - Vasopressin, Rooster Teeth, Membrane Transport Protein
Document Summary
Responsible for the controlled growth and development of an animal as well as the integrated activities of its tissues and organs. One way communicate is via intercellular chemical messengers. One cell, the controlling cell, synthesizes a molecule to act as a signalling molecule to affect the activity of another cell, the target cell. In response to stress, cells of adrenal gland secrete epinephrine that acts on various target cells. Epinephrine acts by activating enzyme glycogen phosphorylase which catalyzes the production of glucose from glycogen. Enzyme activation did not involve epinephrine but did require an unknown cellular substance. Hormone was called the first messenger, unknown cellular substance second messenger. In brief, a controlling cell releases a signal molecule that causes a response of target cells. Target cells process the signal in the following 3 steps. Binding of the signal molecule with a specific receptor of the target cell. Receptors are specific to the signal molecule.
