ADM 1300 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Marketing Mix, Henri Fayol, Swot Analysis

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11 Jul 2014

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ADM 1300 Full Course Notes

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Definition of management: the p. o. l. c. of resources to achieve goals both effectively and efficiently: efficiency is the amount of resources used to produce g&s, effectiveness is how well the organization is achieving its goals. Managerial functions: henri fayol was the first to describe the four managerial functions: polc, planning, select goals and a course of action, five steps to planning (eidie) I s there a gap between what we did before and the requirements of the new goal. E valuate the plan (how well you did) I mplement plan: organization, mobilizing resources to achieve the goals of the organization, create organization structure, leading. A formal system of relationships (boss-employee . who"s who: articulate the vision of the organization, use power/persuasion/communication/motivation. Know your employees to use this most effectively: controlling, evaluates how you as the manager in pol, evaluates how the organization is dong in achieving its goals, allow the organization to regulate efficiency and effectiveness.

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note: Working managers may complete this exercise based on the practices of their own organizations. Students may complete this exercise based on the practices of a current or previous employer. Instructions 1. Select and describe the boundaries of the system of interest; the term âorganizationâ will be used to refer to this selected system. You may select a team, a department, a small organization (e.g., an office practice), or an entire organization. 2. To familiarize yourself with the criteria, review the section called âCategory and Item Descriptionsâ in the Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence available from: www.nist.gov/baldrige/ publications/hc_criteria.cfm 3. The Organizational Assessment Worksheet provides a general description of the criteria category followed by selected questions from the respective 2011â2012 Health Care Criteria for Performance Excellence category. 4. Based on the system selected in question 1, write a brief reply to the selected questions. Briefly describe your organization, including its services; size; geographic community; key patient or customer groups; and current facilities, equipment, and technology, as well as the number of patients or clients it serves. Briefly describe your organizationâs key challenges and your organizationâs current performance improvement system. How do senior leaders deploy your organizationâs vision and values through your leadership system, to the workforce, to key suppliers and partners, and to patients and stakeholders as appropriate? How do senior leaders encourage frank two-way communication throughout the organization? How does your organization conduct strategic planning? Summarize your organizationâs action plans, how they are deployed, and key action plan performance measures or indicators. How do you identify patient, stakeholder, and market requirements for service offerings? How do you build and manage relationships with patients and stakeholders to meet their requirements and exceed their expectations at each stage of their relationship with you? What are your key organizational performance measures? How do you use these data and information to support organizational decision making and innovation? How do you assess your workforce capability and capacity needs, including skills, competencies, and staffing levels? How do you address workplace environmental factors to ensure and improve workplace health, safety, and security? How do you design and innovate your work processes to meet all the key requirements? How do you improve your work processes to improve healthcare outcomes, to achieve better performance, to reduce variability, and to improve healthcare services? Provide data for one key measure or indicator of healthcare outcomes that is important to your patients and stakeholders. Provide data for one key measure or indicator of patient or stakeholder satisfaction. Provide data for one key measure or indicator of financial performance. Provide data for one key measure or indicator related to operational performance. Provide data for one key measure related to achieving legal, regulatory, and accreditation requirements. Prioritizing Improvement Opportunities 1. Review the responses to the organizational assessment questions. 2. Note any questions for which you could not provide a response (i.e., the organization does not have a defined process or approach to address the topic of the question). 3. Review the organizational performance results data. 4. Select one or more measures that demonstrate less than desirable results. 5. Select one item from question 2 or 4 as the performance gap for the performance improvement exercise .

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I need a diferent point of view and someones opinion on this article.

Reforming the U.S. system of collective bargaining Collective bargaining procedures and relationships between labor and management must reflect less conflict, more cooperation as the Nation's economy struggles to meet international competition and domestic needs D. QUINN MILLS Rules as a productivity drain Rules alone cannot ensure that an organization will perform well. They may keep it from dissolving into self-defeating open warfare, but often do not permit it to achieve its potential. An organization which depends upon adherence to a myriad of rules will always be vulnerable to competition from other organizations which operate in a more consensual and cooperative fashion, even when the latter have fewer resources. And, although an organization of rules may sometimes pull it-self together to respond to an emergency, this need not necessarily occur. It follows, then, that primary dependence on establishing and enforcing rules is a very poor way to run an economic enterprise. The existence of a multitude of rules, many of which attempt to "stretch the work" to maintain jobs in ways reminiscent of depression-era tactics, constrains productivity and raises costs. For example, maintenance classifications may prohibit an employee from doing incidental work outside the strict limits of his or her trade; multiple job classifications may exist even where a person in a single combined classification could do the work effectively, without undue effort and stress; and, job classifications may be perpetuated although technological change has rendered the incumbents' work trivial. Other restrictions may limit the amount of work a person may be assigned, such as permitting a mechanic to open only two flanges. The location of materials and inventory may be restricted by contract or past practice to retain jobs in now-inefficient areas of the plant. In some cases, rules may prohibit employees being assigned work during breaks, and simultaneously prohibit supervisors from doing the employees' work, so that emergencies occurring at coffee breaks or lunchtime cannot be legally handled under the agreement. Over time, rules tend to become increasingly costly and constraining as technology, materials, products, and other aspects of production change. Even rules which made great sense at first become out-of-date under changing conditions. But the rules are difficult to change, and particular employees may be further benefited the more outdated the rules become. Sometimes a company can pay a high price and "buy the rules out," or a union can persuade some workers to give up favored positions for the good of the membership as a group. But often, change cannot be accomplished without a bitter struggle between management and labor. Furthermore, the rule making process promotes a set of attitudes which are inimical to successful enterprise. The existence of the rulebook encourages both management and labor to assert their rights under the contract, rather than to attempt to work out problems. It gives rise to "shop-floor lawyers," rather than problem solvers. It fosters conflict and controversy. It undermines trust. To a large degree, it seems that unions have become captives of their origins. Born in adversity and conflict, they continued to act as opponents of management even when their strength had become much greater. In some instances, unions have created thickets of rules in which to immobilize management, just as spiders build webs to ensnare prey. But when the thickets of rules have crippled productivity, the unions have discovered themselves to be caught alongside management in the trap. Plants have declined in competitiveness, and jobs have been lost. The unions have discovered too late that a snare is no less a snare because they have set it themselves. A prescription for change In a recent survey conducted by the Harris organization, a majority of the general public professed the belief that unions contribute less than they once did to the growth and efficiency of business. Not surprisingly, only 15 percent of union leaders agreed with this judgment.' The need for unions to assist companies in the light of increased foreign competition is apparent to the public. To the inhabitants of the Snow Belt, it is similarly evident that unions should cooperate with local business to stem the outflow of industry and jobs to the South and West. Public perceptions of a productivity problem are supported by Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates, which show particularly sluggish growth in output per labor hour after 1973.3 Collective bargaining practiced primarily as rule making has become self-defeating for both unions and management. It interferes with management's efficient operation of the enterprise, and ensnares employees with legitimate grievances in a web of red tape. It also contributes to the vehemence of employer attempts to resist union organization drives. Study after study of U.S. managers has shown that managers fear the imposition of restrictive work practices far more than the higher wages and benefits which unionization may bring. Companies' efforts to make competitive operations out of older plants often fail because changes in current work rules take the form of additional complex rules which do not provide the flexibility needed to turn a facility around. What management really needs is fewer rules altogether, and willing cooperation from the work force. The union, for its side, needs a management sensitive to the needs of people. Both are very difficult to obtain in the U.S. labor relations environment.

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Prepare a Project Proposal that includes the nature of the project, the sources of information you plan to use, and the most important concepts and techniques to be applied.

The outline topics should include the following:

A brief summary of the company you have chosen, such as business lines, and its industry;
Information sources (e.g. industry studies, market share reports, financial statements, etc.);

The analyses you will include in your study. This will likely require a summary review of the material in later sections of the course, such as competitor analysis;

If you have access to, and permission to use, internal company documents, please discuss so in the outline.

You are required to complete a course project that reveals mastery in application of the strategic managerial accounting and performance management concepts emphasised in the course. This involves reporting on a specific organisation within an industry, analysing the firmâs competitive position (e.g., market position, cost competitiveness, market power, innovation, SWOT, etc.), its managerial accounting approach, and the non-financial performance metrics should be used in monitoring firm performance, all aligned with value creation for the chosen firm.

This project should be a formal business report that covers all elements of the strategic management process: mission statement, strategic goals, strategic objectives, actionable plans (if available, analyse the specific budget planning process used by the Firm; if not, search for relevant articles for the subject company and recommend a process that you believe is appropriate for the company), and performance monitoring processes employed by the Firm, including its board of directors. These processes and strategies are to be supported with managerial accounting and performance management concepts.

In selecting a company to analyze, first focus on information availability. If you work for the company, ensure that you can obtain the information required to do a proper job on this assignment. If you choose a company you do not work for, begin your search among larger public companies with ample information available. Company websites are often the best place to begin, in particular the investor relations site. Look for annual reports, quarterly reports, press releases, white papers, and other sources of information (e.g., public filings, such as for the U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission at http://www.sec.gov./

Your tasks are to:

Â· Briefly describe the business of the Firm (i.e. industry segments, geographic service area, market position, and size as measured by revenues, employees, and market capitalisation). Describe the mission statement and strategic objectives of the Firm.
Â· Analyse the behaviour of expenses of the business, distinguishing between variable costs and fixed costs (or estimates thereof), describe the relationships between sales volume, costs, and profit. Estimate a break-even point for the Firm and support with relevant calculations and discussion.

Â· Discuss the level of the Firmâs operating leverage.

Â· Assess the budgeting process and procedures for the Firm, bearing in mind the context of the business and its characteristics. Identify methods employed for budgeting, managerial reporting, and control, and make recommendations for improvement. Justify your recommendations.

Â· Summarise the Firmâs performance over the past five years in terms of sales and earnings growth, return on equity, return for shareholders, and non-financial performance measures (e.g. market share, recognition, customer satisfaction).

Â· Analyse the fixed capital needs (i.e. capital expenditures) of the company, and discuss significant capital projects, how they fit with the strategic goals of the Firm. Evaluate risks associated with major capital projects and suggest risk mitigation strategies. Justify your suggestions.

Â· Briefly profile two or three key competitors and analyse the basis for competition (e.g., is it cost? Innovation? Capital intensity? Branding?). Compare the Firm with these key competitors on key performance metrics (e.g., revenue growth, profit margins, return on equity, financial leverage, receivables turnover, payables turnover, asset turnover, operating costs, market share, market share growth, etc.). Identify areas where the Firm may outperform or underperform the peer group, and suggest improvements for weaknesses.

Â· Design a Balanced Scorecard for the Firm.

This project should follow a structured approach and should be prepared and presented as a professional business report.

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ADM 1300 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Marketing Mix, Henri Fayol, Swot Analysis

ADM 1300 Full Course Notes

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