CRM 1300 Lecture : 3. Criminology Patterns & Crime Statistics .docx

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16 Mar 2012

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Patterns of criminology and methods of gathering crime statistics. Criminological knowledge is based on science a logical organized method of obtaining information through direct, systematic observation. Scientific knowledge is based on empirical evidence, info that is directly verifiable. A research method is a strategy for systematically conducting research. Concepts are mental constructs that represent some part of the world, inevitable in a simplified form. Variables are concepts whose value changes from case to case. Operationalizing a variable is the process of developing the measure to be used in gauging a variable. Measurement requires reliability the quality of consistent measurement and validity the quality of measuring precisely what one intends to measure. Cause and effect is a relationship in which change in one variable causes change in another. Correlation exists when two or more variables are related in some way. Human behaviour is too complex to allow criminology to predict and individuals actions precisely.

Related Questions

11. Research designed to identify cause and effect relationships among variables is known as: a) Exploratory b) Descriptive c) Informational d) Causal

1) Explain the relationship between the reliability of a measurement and the instrument used to make the measurement.

Check all that apply.

We must consider the time of measurements when reporting and manipulating them.

We must consider the reliability of measurements when reporting and manipulating them.

The reliability of a measurement depends on the instrument used to make the measurement.

The reliability of a measurement depends on the time when the measurement was made. 2)

We must consider the scientist who did the measurements when reporting and manipulating them.

2) How should units be treated in calculations?

Check all that apply.

	Any algebraic operation can be performed. Units can be multiplied, divided, or canceled.
	Units should always be included in calculations.
	Units can be included in calculations but it is not necessary.
	Units are summed and canceled.
	You should remove units from calculations.

true or false
1. the relationship of an objects mass to its volume is an exampleod an inverse relationship?
2. when making a measurement, record only those digits that areknown for certain?
3. accuracy is the closeness of a measurement to an acceptedvalue?
4. precision is the closeness of a measurement to an acceptedvalue?
5. the relationship between density and volume is an example of adirect relationship?
6. deviation is the measure of precision?

CRM 1300 Lecture : 3. Criminology Patterns & Crime Statistics .docx

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