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7. What are the three types of cartilage? What are their similarities and differences?

A spaceship is designed to support animal life for a multiyear voyage to the outer planets of the solar system. Plants will be grown to provide oxygen and to recycle carbon dioxide. Because the spaceship will be too far from the sun for photosynthesis, an artificial light source will be needed. 6) What wavelengths of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum of energy expenditure?

Human body temperature last stage

1-

Approximately two billion years ago, ________ were primarily responsible for initially oxygenating Earth.
a. algae
b. Archaea

c. cyanobacteria
d. purple sulfur bacteria

2-

Archaea and Bacteria are unified as prokaryotes in lacking ________ which Eukarya contain, such as golgi.
a. membranes
b. nuclei

c. membrane-enclosed organelles
d. nuclei and membrane-enclosed organelles

3-

An ecosystem includes ________ along with ________.
a. macroorganisms / microorganisms
b. living organisms / their chemical and physical environments

c. pathogenic organisms / non-pathogenic organisms
d. single celled organisms / multi-cellular organisms

4- The disease anthrax is caused by the pathogenic bacterium ________, which produces heat-resistant structures known as ________.

a. Azotobacter chroococcum / endospores

b. Azotobacter chroococcum / plasmids

c. Bacillus anthracis / endospores
d. Bacillus anthracis / plasmids

5- ________ was the first to describe microorganisms, while ________ was the first person to see bacteria.

a. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek / Robert Hook
b. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek / Robert Koch

c. Robert Hooke / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

d. Robert Koch / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Azotobacter and Bacillus polymyxa are the examples of

(a) pathogenic bacteria

(b) decomposers

(c) symbiotic N₂ fixer

(d) non-symbiotic N₂ fixer.

Which of the following statements about the BACTERIA is/are FALSE?

a. All known bacteria have a rigid cell wall surrounding their plasma membranes.

b. Bacteria form a monophyletic clade with respect to the Archaea.

c. Bacteria, including the CPR (Candidate Phyla Radiation), are paraphyletic with respect to the Archaea and the Eukarya.

d. Some obligate symbiotic bacteria use RNA as their genetic material, not DNA.

e. All ‘true’ bacteria are pathogenic to mammals.

f. Bacterial DNA is bound by histones.

Name the organisms which do not derive energy directly or indirectly from sun

(a) chemosynthetic bacteria

(b) pathogenic bacteria

(c) symbiotic bacteria

(d) mould.

Answer all 3 questions

1. Explain Hamburger's phenomenon in detail. 

1. Q. Give scientific reason. Oxygen is necessary for complete oxidation of glucose.

An animal cell is placed into a beaker as shown in the figure below.