Greenlandic is an Eskimo–Aleut language spoken mostly by Greenlandic Inuit in Greenland. Pay attention to the distribution of vowels in the following data, and then answer the questions. Note that [q] is a voiceless uvular plosive and [ʁ] is a voiced uvular fricative.
ivnɑq ‘bluff’ ipeʁɑq ‘harpoon strap’ imɑq ‘sea’
tuluvɑq ‘raven’ sɑvɑ ‘sheep’ nunɑ ‘land’
nɑnoq ‘bear’ iseʁɑq ‘ankle’ igɑ ‘pot’
seʁmeq ‘glacier’ qɑsɑloq ‘bark’ ikusik ‘elbow’
qilɑluvɑq ‘white whale’ qɑtigɑk ‘back’ sɑkiɑk ‘rib’
ugsik ‘cow’ neʁdloq ‘goose’ oʁpik ‘tree’
1. Arrange all the vowels in this data in a table by their height and backness.
2. List the segments that occur after [i u] and [e o].
a. After [i u]:
b. After [e o]
3. Now restate the contexts from the previous question in terms of features. (You can use “elsewhere”.)
a. After [i u]:
b. After [e o]:
4. Give feature descriptions for the natural segment classes [i u] and [e o]. You should use as few features as possible while correctly excluding segments not part of these classes. 5. Write a rule in formal notation that relates underlying representations to surface representations. 6. Show derivations for the following surface forms by stating the underlying representation for each form and showing the output of the rule. Remember to use the correct brackets.
UR
Rule
SR [tuluvɑq] [neʁdloq] [iseʁɑq]
Greenlandic is an Eskimo–Aleut language spoken mostly by Greenlandic Inuit in Greenland. Pay attention to the distribution of vowels in the following data, and then answer the questions. Note that [q] is a voiceless uvular plosive and [ʁ] is a voiced uvular fricative.
ivnɑq ‘bluff’ ipeʁɑq ‘harpoon strap’ imɑq ‘sea’
tuluvɑq ‘raven’ sɑvɑ ‘sheep’ nunɑ ‘land’
nɑnoq ‘bear’ iseʁɑq ‘ankle’ igɑ ‘pot’
seʁmeq ‘glacier’ qɑsɑloq ‘bark’ ikusik ‘elbow’
qilɑluvɑq ‘white whale’ qɑtigɑk ‘back’ sɑkiɑk ‘rib’
ugsik ‘cow’ neʁdloq ‘goose’ oʁpik ‘tree’
1. Arrange all the vowels in this data in a table by their height and backness.
2. List the segments that occur after [i u] and [e o].
a. After [i u]:
b. After [e o]
3. Now restate the contexts from the previous question in terms of features. (You can use “elsewhere”.)
a. After [i u]:
b. After [e o]:
4. Give feature descriptions for the natural segment classes [i u] and [e o]. You should use as few features as possible while correctly excluding segments not part of these classes. 5. Write a rule in formal notation that relates underlying representations to surface representations. 6. Show derivations for the following surface forms by stating the underlying representation for each form and showing the output of the rule. Remember to use the correct brackets.
UR
Rule
SR [tuluvɑq] [neʁdloq] [iseʁɑq]
