PHAR 300 Study Guide - Final Guide: Opioid Use Disorder, Opioid Receptor, Hypodermic Needle

• School: McGill University
• Department: Pharmacology and Therapeutics
• Course: PHAR 300
• Professor: Edith Zorychta

Document Summary

From opium poppy, opioid, vs the term opiate , is the term that refers to all compounds in the family with similar actions (natural and synthetic). Opiates are the natural forms of the drugs. Early use was for relief of diarrhea, which is dangerous due to loss of water and electrolytes. The dried milk/latex of the opium poppy, called opium , contains 10% by weight of morphine (and a bit of codeine). Morphine: can be turned into heroine, which was, like morphine, initially considered to be harmless. However, the invention of the hypodermic needle in the 1860"s quickly proved that this was not the case: opiates are highly addictive. 1975: discovery of endogenous opioids, which are made by the body from 3 precursors: There are 3 types of opioid receptor (vs 2 for cannabinoids): , and . Pain suppression, mediation of pns and cns functions, gi motility.