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ECON 1B03 Study Guide - Final Guide: Monopolistic Competition, Nash Equilibrium, Perfect Competition

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ivoryleopard632
19 Apr 2016
School
McMaster University
Department
Economics
Course
ECON 1B03
Professor
Aleksandra Gajic

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ECON 1B03 Full Course Notes
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ECON 1B03 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary

Many buyers and sellers in the market. Rms freely enter and exit the market (no barriers to entry) Price takers (no one seller or buyer can in uence market behaviour) Pro t is maximized at p = mr = mc. Break-even point is where p = min atc. The rm"s supply curve is the mc curve where p is greater than or equal to min avc. A rm will shut down in the short run if p < avc. The rm"s demand curve is perfectly elastic. D = p = ar = mr. In the long run all costs are variable. A rm will exit if p < min atc. A rm will enter if p > min atc. Firms are earning zero economic pro t when p = min atc. I. e. it is horizontal to enter or exit, i. e. the long run equilibrium.

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Related Questions

1. A perfectly competitive firm will continue producing in the short run as long as it can cover its:

A.total cost.
B.average total cost.
C.average variable cost.
D.average fixed cost.

2. A perfectly competitive firm will earn a profit and will continue producing the profit-maximizing quantity of output in the short run if price is:
A.greater than marginal cost.
B.less than marginal cost.
C.less than average variable cost.
D.greater than average total cost.
3. Monopolistic competition is an industry characterized by:
A.a product with many close substitutes.
B.a horizontal demand curve.
C.a small number of firms.
D.barriers to entry and exit.
4. If a perfectly competitive firm increases production from 10 units to 11 units, and the market price is $20 per unit, total revenue for 10 units is:
A.$10.
B.$20
C.$200.
D.$210.
5. The demand curve facing a monopolist is:
A.horizontal, the same as that facing a perfectly competitive firm.
B.downward sloping, the same as that facing a perfectly competitive firm.
C.upward sloping, the same as that facing a perfectly competitive firm.
D.downward sloping, unlike the horizontal demand curve facing a perfectly competitive firm.
6. Suppose that a monopolist increases production from 10 units to 11 units. If the market price declines from $30 per unit to $29 per unit, marginal revenue for the eleventh unit is:
A.$1.
B.$9.
C.$19.
D.$29.
7. Most electric, gas, and water companies are examples of:
A.unregulated monopolies.
B.natural monopolies.
C.restricted-input monopolies.
D.sunk-cost monopolies.
8.If a perfectly competitive firm is producing a quantity that generates P > MC, then profit:
A.is maximized.
B.can be increased by increasing the price.
C.can be increased by decreasing the price.
D.can be increased by increasing production.

1. The principle that a firm should produce up to the point where the marginal revenue (MR) from the sale of an extra unit of output is equal to the marginal cost (MC) of producing the extra unit applies: ( I put A)

Ā  to both perfectly competitive firms and monopolies
Ā  only to monopolies
Ā  only to perfectly competitive firms
Ā 

only to firms that can employ discriminatory pricing strategies

2. If a monopolist or a perfectly competitive firm is producing at a break-even point, then: ( I put II, IV)
i. average revenue is equal to average variable cost
ii. average revenue is equal to the o average total cost
iii. total revenue is equal to total variable cost
iv. total revenue is equal to the total cost

Ā  i
Ā  ii
Ā  iii
Ā  I and iii
Ā 

ii and iv

3. What do economies of scale, the exclusive ownership of essential raw materials used in the production process, and patents have in common? (I put A)

Ā  they are all barriers to entry
Ā  they all help explain why a monopolists demand and marginal revenue curves are identical
Ā  they must all be present before a monopolist may practice price discrimination
Ā  they all help explain why a firm's short-run average total cost curve is U-shaped

Consider the following market demand schedule and total costs for a monopoly.

Q P TR TC MR MC Profit Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
0 45 Ā  4 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
1 40 Ā  9 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
2 35 Ā  19 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
3 30 Ā  39 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
4 25 Ā  61 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
5 20 Ā  91 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
6 15 Ā  130 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
7 10 Ā  172 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 

a) Fill in the blanks.

b) How is the relationship between price and MR different between monopolistic and perfectly competitive markets?

c) Would the demand curve facing a monopolistic competitive market be more or less elastic than the demand curve facing a monopolist, why? Do firms in a monopolistically competitive market make long-run economic profits, why or why not?