BISC 101 Study Guide - Final Guide: Osmotic Shock, Aestivation, Tonicity
11 Dec 2017
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300>>> 1 mosm/l: explain osmotic stress in marine fish. Kidneys excrete excess ca, mg, so4: describe osmotic stress in freshwater fish. Continuously gain h2o vias osmosis & lose ions via diffusion. Produced in liver by combining nh3 & co2. Highest energy cost: describe the excretory functions to maintain homeostasis. Of fluid from circulation excretory tubule filtration. Modified filtrate leaves body as urine/uric acid: define & describe protonephridia. Extensive networks of blind ending tubules used for excretion. Tubules capped by flame bulbs open outside organism. Cilia beat/draw body fluids tubule through semi permeable membrane. Used by insects to maintain h20/electrolyte balance. Passes hindgut where useful solutes & h20 are recovered. Urea contributes osmotic gradient: in further detail describe the renal corpuscle. Bowman"s capsule & glomerulus = renal corpuscle. Glomerulus cluster blood capillaries w lrg pores surrounded w filtration slits. High pressure = force for size selective filtration. H20/small solutes forced bowman"s capsule = pre urine.
