PSYC 3030 Study Guide - Final Guide: Spatial Memory, Outline Of Object Recognition, Dentate Gyrus
12 Dec 2016
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Glycine and gaba (inhibitory), glutamate and aspartate (excitatory) Metabolic and neurotransmitter glutamate are kept separate from one another. Most amino acids serve a role in metabolism and protein synthesis, but some are used directly as neurotransmitters. Most abundant, free, non-essential amino acid in the mammalian brain. Synthesized by the body, not required in diet. Glutamate is important for metabolism and protein synthesis in all neurons and glia. Amino acids neurotransmitters are used by a large portion of neurons. Transanimation by pydridoxal phosphate and alanine aminotransferase moves the amine group from a donor amino acid to the alpha-kg, forming glutamate and a de-aminated amino acid: glutamine cycle. Astrocytes and neurons interact to produce glutamate from glutamine. Glutamine is converted by glutaminase into glutamate and ammonia. Product inhibition: glutamate and ammonia prevent further production of glutamate by inhibiting glutaminase. Glutamate is packaged into vesicles by vglut1-3: vesicular glutamate transporter.
