HLSC 2462U Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Methotrexate, Melanoma, Dysautonomia
Document Summary
Caused by chemical, hypoxic, free radical, intentional, unintentional, immunological infenction or inflammatory. Cellular aging- causes structural and functional changes which eventually lead to cell dealth or decreased capacity to recover from injury. Adaption- response to both normal or physiological conditions (pregnancy) and adverse or pathologic conditions (cardiac remodeling in response to hypertension) Common and central part of many disease states. Decrease in cell size which can affect organ muscle heart secondary sex organ, brain. Physiological atrophy- occurs with early development as a normal part of life cycle. Pathological atrophy- due to decrease in workload, pressure, use, blood supply, nutrition, horomonal stimulation, nervous stimulation. Diff b/t both- cause may be different but effect is same. Hypertrophy- increase in cell size leading to increase in organ size. Mechanical signals- stretch increased work load ( in increasing skeletal or cardiac muscles. Trophic signals- due to signal facts in hormones, vasoactive agents eg mammary glands.
