BIO 1130 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Cambrian Explosion, Ediacaran Biota, Cell Cycle

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO 1130
• Professor: Jon Houseman

Document Summary

Midterm 2: all the study notes combined (mitosis/meiosis. Archean eon: starts with anaerobic organisms and finishes with aerobic ones, cyanobacteria transform the atmosphere into a reducing one with oxygen. Bacteria: bacteria are of the kingdom monera, classified as unicellular organisms without a nucleus (prokaryotes, first classified by their morphology (way it looks) into bacilli (rods), cocci (circles), and spirochetes (spirals). However this wasn"t enough because there were so many variations of bacteria, so they were further divided into their pathogenicity and metabolic abilities. Even this wasn"t enough to classify them so numbers were used too: all bacteria are enclosed by a capsule. The capsule has a number of potential functions including sticking bacterial cells together to form biofilms and as a defense against bacteriophages and phagocytosis by protists or the immune system of other organisms. In the gram-positive bacteria the peptidoglycan layer is thick, and on outermost surface of the bacterium and is stained; purple.