PSY313H5 : MEMORY in adulthood
Document Summary
Memory is studied using cross-sectional studies- they compare 20 year olds, with age 65 and age 85, all at one time. Some areas of memory decline, others remain stable or they improve. Why there is such a variation, is a big question. Memory= very complex: there are three processing operations: encoding, storage, retrieval. Memory is the largest, oldest, studied area in experimental psychology. As a result, memory has been categorized in many ways (some may appear to overlap) Declarative memory: memory which can be brought to ones mind and declared. Non-declarative memory: memory required to perform activities/ procedures. Within declarative memory: there is an important distinction between: Semantic: one"s knowledge of general facts- doesn"t involve remembering time and place in which the memory was made. Episodic: information related to a specific time and place. Implicit: information retrieved without conscious effort: ex. how to start your car. Explicit: conscious effort is required to retrieve this information. ex.
