BIO230H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Lac Repressor, Lac Operon, Histone Acetyltransferase
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BIO230H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
At a molecular level, archaea seem to resemble eukaryotes more closely in their machinery for handling genetic information (replication, transcription, and translation), but bacteria more closely in their apparatus for metabolism and energy conversion: prokaryotic cells: Plasma membrane (selectively permeable), dna localized in nucleoid but no membrane surrounding it, cell wall (sugars), appendages (e. g. flagellum: eukaryotic cells. About 1000x bigger in volume than prokaryotic cell. Possibly evolved through phagocytosis of other prokaryotic cells. All known life forms possess a genome (e. g. human genome ~25,000 genes; at any one time only 30-60% of genes are expressed) Genome: encodes the information to construct and maintain an organism. Most genomes are made of dna (some viruses have rna genomes) Release of the biological information stored in the genome requires genome expression. The first product of gene expression: the transcriptome (maintained by the process of transcription) The repertoire of rna molecules present in a cell at a particular time.
