Biology 1002B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Horizontal Gene Transfer, Stop Codon, Ribosomal Rna
19 Mar 2013
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Document Summary
Meaning of endosymbiosis: a living organism living within the cell of another living organism - they help each other out. May have been an anaerobic bacterium that had an endomembrane system. Why eukaryotic cells can be larger and more complex than prokaryotes: bacteria and archaea have their centers of oxidative phosphorylation on their plasma membranes. Evidence for lateral gene transfer from organelles to the nucleus: genes that code for proteins found in mito/chloro are not found and expressed in the nucleus ( e. g - proteins that make up complex 1) Hypothesis for why genes move to the nucleus from organelles (lateral gene transfer: coordinated control / put them under tighter nuclear control, integrates the metabolism of the entire cell (see lecture 11) Possible reasons why certain genes have not moved to the nucleus from organelles: lecture 11. Lecture 11 - intro to prokaryotic gene structure. Relative sizes of typical mitochondrial, chloroplast, and nuclear genomes.
