Biology 1201A Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Transposable Element, Noncoding Dna, Genome Size
2 Apr 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Identify what type of "information" is coded in genomes (e. g. proteins, structural sequences, etc) By using dna sequencing techniques, we can identify genes, regulatory sequences, origins of replication, repetitive sequences, transposable elements. Genes, mrna, rrna, trna, regulatory sequences, promotor regions, non-coding dna. There are 20,500 protein coding genes with an average of 8 exons per gene; introns make up. Regulatory sequences are widely scattered within regions and they encompass 15-25% of the human genome. Dna viruses and reverse-transcribed rna total up to 10% of the entire genome. Also remember that in eukaryotes, each mitochondria contains a circular mitochondrial genome (mtdna genes for cellular respiration)) smaller than even a prokaryotic genome. Photosynthetic eukaryotes have circular genomes in each of their chloroplasts (genes for photosynthesis) Understand the proportion of human genome coding for protein, the relative distribution of various components of genome sequence (junk vs. essential dna)
