Select the statements that correctly represent the theory ofevolution. Select all that apply.
Evolution is partly about inheritance. Evidence of evolution isseen in structures such as wisdom teeth and the tail bone inhumans. These structures are thought to be Γ’ΒΒleft overΓ’ΒΒ from ourancestors and no longer appear to have any essential function inmodern humans.
Natural selection means that todayΓ’ΒΒs organisms are perfectlyadapted after millions of years of fine-tuning. No further changesare necessary because of all the progress that has been made bynatural selection.
We can see evidence of past natural selection in adaptationssuch as the camouflage of moths perched on the bark of their hosttree. We can also see natural selection at work today if we trackhow populations change in rapidly changing environments.
The theory of evolution does not apply to life today. It isstrictly about the history of life: what happened in the past asseen in fossils.
Scientists disagree about the main ideas of evolutionary theorybecause of incomplete or conflicting evidence.
Question 2
Select one answer.
10 points
The ability or tendency of organisms and cells to maintainstable internal conditions is called
metabolism
homeostasis
emergent property
evolution
Question 3
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10 points
Why do organisms maintain fairly steady conditions within theircells and bodies?
They need to keep conditions stable so that they can obtainfood.
Organisms just change along with whatever is happening in theoutside world, which is usually quite steady.
They must maintain stable conditions to keep their enzymesworking and generally to enable the chemical reactions of life.
Unstable conditions will destroy the DNA in cells; this is themost important risk for a cell facing physical or chemicalstress.
Question 4
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10 points
An organism or cell exhibits ____________ when it maintainssteady internal conditions despite changes in the outerenvironment.
homeostasis
evolution
balance
natural selection
Question 5
Select one answer.
10 points
Which type of molecule best illustrates the very strongrelationship between structure and function in biology?
enzymes
oxygen gas
all kinds of organic matter
water
Question 6
Select one answer.
10 points
Which best expresses how nutrients and energy move throughlife?
Nutrients flow from sunlight to organic matter to heat. Energycycles among all life forms.
Nutrients cycle among all life forms. Energy flows from sunlightto chemical energy to heat.
Nutrients and energy both are continually recycled in a greatcircle of life.
Question 7
Select one answer.
10 points
Which of the following is not a recurring theme in biology?
Living organisms maintain homeostasis.
Energy flows through living systems while matter isrecycled.
Evolutionary processes explain both the unity and adaptivediversity of life.
All of these are recurring themes.
Question 8
Select one answer.
10 points
Which statement about evolution is FALSE?
According to evolutionary theory, you are related to abacterium, to a yeast cell, to a snake, and to a whale. In fact,you are related to every species now alive on Earth, and to fossilspecies like dinosaurs as well.
Evolution occurs constantly, without end; there is no endpointin evolution.
Natural selection acts on genetic differences within apopulation to cause evolution. Individuals do not evolve.
Natural selection is about slow but steady progress. Through it,populations constantly get better-adapted. When this process iscompleted for all populations, evolution will come to a stop.
Question 9
Select one answer.
10 points
Imagine you have a peanut butter sandwich in front of you. Thesandwich is an example of _______.
matter
energy
Question 10
Select one answer.
10 points
You provide your gut bacteria with a warm place to live. Theyprovide you with vitamins and other services. This most directlyrepresents an example of...
shared ancestry of all life
natural selection
homeostasis
interdependence of life
