MCB 2410 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Operon, Histone H3, Body Plan
10 Apr 2018
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Chapter 9 and a1: model genetic systems: genetic comparisons between species are made possible because of all organisms" descent from a common ancestor. Analyzing gene function: forward genetics, start with mutant phenotype identify the gene that changed/mutated that gave you that phenotype, reverse genetics, start with gene with unknown function and manipulate it, observe resulting phenotype. Advantages of using bacteria and viruses in genetic studies: single celled, don"t have a diploid genome reproduced a lot; easy to maintain and manage, no dominant and recessive to deal with. The central dogma: dna (and replication) transcription rna translation protein. Dna structure two complementary and antiparallel nucleotide strands that forma double helix: 3 levels of organization, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, complex organization of packing of dna into chromosomes. Dna primary structure: nucleotide, sugar ribose (rna, 1" is base (acgt, 5" is phosphate, deoxyribose (dna, from central oxygen, nitrogenous base, purine: 2 ring structure, pure as gold.
