ANTH 203 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Carl Linnaeus, Hominidae, Pongidae
12 Feb 2019
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Polygenism = belief that humans came from multiple originals. Had no chronological evidence, just around 2 centuries of age. Usher: estimated when earth was created by using the old testament. Ray: rst naturalist to use genus and species to classify animals and plants. Linneaus: invented taxonomy = science of biological classi cation. Build on ray to create a more comprehensive classi cation of plants. Created hierarchy names, called linneaus hierarchy / nomenclature. Believed in immutability of species = each species exist from a separate entity. So humans and apes cannot be closely related in descent. Helped make sense of human nature due to comparisons of taxonomy between humans and apes. Tyson: apes was a species and not a mixture of species. Bu on: accepted the general notion of biological change. Cuvier: opponent of modern concept of evolutionary change; catastrophism. Lamarck: proposed theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics; argued that all organisms make adjustments to their environment during their lifetime.
