BIOL 102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 15.4&16: Adenine, Start Codon, Plaintext

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25 Aug 2016

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Week 8 transcription, rna processing and translation chapter 15. 4 & 16. Describe the process of transcription in prokaryotes. Describe the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. Describe the various post-transcriptional rna processing events that occur in eukaryotes. Describe the important features of trnas and how amino acids are loaded onto them. Describe the structure and function of ribosomes. Describe the various post-translational modifications that occur to proteins. Understand the different types of mutations and their consequences (15. 4) First step in converting genetic info into proteins is to synthesize a messenger rna version of the instructions archived from dna. Rna polymerase is responsible for synthesizing mrna. Ntp"s act like dntp"s is a monomer accept they contain ribose not deoxyribose. Once a ntp that matches a base on the dna template is in place the rna polymerase catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3" end of the growing mrna chain and the new ribonucleotide.

Related Questions

Chapter 10

1.Outline the history of our knowledge on DNA up to Watson and Crick. What were the main contributions made by each researcherâs key experiment?

2.Explain the setup of the Hershey and Chase experiment, what would the results have been if protein was the genetic material?

3.Draw the structure of a DNA nucleotide, labeling each main component correctly. How does an RNA nucleotide differ?

4.If a section of double stranded DNA contains 19% Adenine, how much Thymine is present?

5.You are a researcher studying the genetic basis of heart attacks and have been working to determine the expression levels of different genes that might contribute to cancer formation. You obtain the DNA methylation status of five genes of interest (the data are shown in the table below). The plus (+) sign indicates the level of DNA methylation; more plus signs correlates with increased methylation levels.Based on this information which genes would you predict to have the highest rate of transcription?

Gene	Methylation levels
1	++
2	+++++
3	+++
4	++
5	+

What are the characteristics of the 3 main DNA forms?

Chapter 11

What are the different types of chromatin?

What are the structures and important roles for telomeres and centromeres?

What are the differences found between eukaryotic chromosomes and mitochondrial?

Chapter 12

Explain each of the different models of replication.

If you grow a culture of bacteria in media with radioactive nucleotides so that all DNA in the cells include radioactive nucleotides and then place the bacteria in new non radioactive media. After two rounds of replication what proportion of the DNA molecules will contain radioactivity?

Summarize the similarities and differences between rolling-circle replication, theta replication and linear eukaryotic replication.

What are the functions of the different DNA polymerases found in eukaryotic cells?

Draw a replication fork and include all key components and orientations. (Leading/lagging strands, DNA helicase, RNA primer and DNA gyrase)

What is the Holliday model of recombination and what are the necessary steps?

Chapter 13

What are the different types of RNA and what roles do they play?

Describe the properties and functions of each of the RNA polymerases and how they differ depending on the organism.

Describe in detail the process and mechanisms of transcription in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Chapter 14

What are the primary purposes of each of the three post transcriptional modifications that occur in eukaryotic cells.

What is alternative splicing and what role does it play in the cell?

How is ribosomal RNA processed after transcription?

How do siRNA and miRNA work, describe/draw out the process in detail.

BIOL 102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 15.4&16: Adenine, Start Codon, Plaintext

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