GNDS 215 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Heteronormativity, Gender Binary, Multimodal Distribution

• School: Queen's University
• Department: Gender Studies
• Course: GNDS 215
• Professor: Melissa Houghtaling

Document Summary

Whipping girls: gender expression vs. subconscious sex. Gender expression is highly regulated in society (boys are socialized to become masculine and girls are feminine) Socially influence manifestations of gender expression (often called gender roles) Born males are simply preprogrammed to act masculine, born females are preprogrammed to act feminine. Genetic differences between females and males are the ultimate sourse for the behavioural difference: exceptional gender expressions. Masculine women, feminine men, and people of both sexes who express combinations of femininity and masculinity. Exist in virtually all cultures and throughout history, which suggests that they represent a natural phenomenon. Subconscious sex, gender expression, and sexual orientation represent separate gender inclinations that are determined largely independently of one another. Because no single genetic, anatomical, hormonal, environmental, or psychological factor has ever been found to directly cause any of these gender inclinations, we can assume that they are quantitative traits.