BLG 143 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Amylopectin, Monosaccharide, Amylose

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mauveelephant323

29 Dec 2017

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Functions of carbohydrates: energy storage, cell identity, structure, building blocks for synthesis. Aldose- a sugar with a carbonyl group found at the end of the carbon chain. Ketose- a sugar with a carbonyl group found in the middle of the carbon chain. Monosaccharides can vary in: the location of their carbonyl group, the total number of carbon atoms present, the spatial arrangement of their atoms (where the hydroxyl group is located, alternate ring formations (alpha and beta glucose) Polysaccharides- polymers that form when monosaccharides are linked together: also known as complex carbohydrates. Glycosidic linkages- a bond formed between the hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides. Alpha linkages: easy for enzymes to break, alpha linkages in storage polysaccharides hydrolyze to release glucose. Beta linkages: harder for enzymes to break, beta linkages in storage polysaccharides resist enzyme degradation. Starch- where monosaccharides are stored for later use in plants: consists of alpha linkages, contains 2 polysaccharides: amylose and amylopectin.

Related Questions

1) What is the difference between maltose and amylose (starch)?
Select one:
a. Maltose is joined by 1-4 glycosidic linkages, while amylose is joined by 1-6 glycosidic linkages.
b. Maltose is made of glucose in the alpha form, while amylose is made of glucose in the beta form.
c. Maltose is composed of glucose monomers, while amylose is composed of fructose monomers.
d. Maltose is a disaccharide, while amylose is a polysaccharide.
2) What does the â1-4â in â1-4 glycosidic linkageâ mean?
Select one:
a. Each branch of the chain is followed by four monosaccharides.
b. A one-carbon monosaccharide is connected to a four-carbon monosaccharide.
c. The first carbon on one monosaccharide is connected to the fourth carbon on the next monosaccharide.
d. Each monosaccharide is connected to four other monosaccharides.

What is the difference between the sugar group in DNA and the sugar group in RNA?

Select one:

a. The sugar group in DNA is a hexose, while the sugar group in RNA is a pentose.

b. The sugar group in DNA has one less hydroxyl group (âOH) than the sugar group in RNA.

c. The sugar group in DNA is a purine, while the sugar group in RNA is a pyrimidine.

d. The sugar group in DNA contains one less carbonyl group (double-bonded oxygen atom) than the sugar group in RNA.

peachbeetle893

please i need help with this qustions answer the multiple choice that is all and be clear not writes un clear stuff just asnswer the qustions please

Question 1

Starch is: (select all the correct answers)

an energy storage carbohydrate in plants

an energy storage carbohydrate in animals

a structural carbohydrate in plants

a polymer of glucose

Question 2

The monomers in starch are joined together by which type of linkage?

beta 1-4 glycosidic linkage

alpha 1-4 glycosidic linkage

alpha 1-6 glycosidic linkage

Question 3

Glycogen is: (select all that are correct)

a polymer of glucose

a long chain molecule with very few if any branches

an energy storage carbohydrate in plants

a highly branched molecule with alpha 1-4 & alpha 1-6 glycosidic linkages

has many beta 1-4 glycosidic linkages

an energy storage carbohydrate in animals

Question 4

What type of reaction will break down glycogen and produce glucose molecules?

Question 5

Cellulose is: (select all that apply).

an energy storage carbohydrate in plants

has both alpha 1-4 and beta 1-4 glycosidic linkages

a structural carbohydrate in plant cell walls

a polymer of glucose

a structural carbohydrate in animals

Question 6

In cellulose, covalent bonds link glucose monomers and hydrogen bonds hold the long glucose chains together.

True

False

Question 7

Chitin is: (select all that apply)

a polymer of glucose

can be used as sutures

a structural carbohydrate in plants

a structural polysaccaride found in the exoskeleton of animals like arthropods

an energy storage carbohydrate in animals

Question 8

Lipids are not true polymers?

True

False

Question 9

Steroids are lipids

True

False

Question 10

A fat is composed of

4 fused carbon rings

a glycerol and 3 fatty acids

a phosphate a glycerol and 2 fatty acid chains

Hi I need help with two Molecular Biology Questions

1. Bacteria are protected from increases in osmotic pressure bytheir cell walls. A major structural component of the cell wallresponsible for its protective properties is the polysaccharidepeptidoglycan. Which of the following best explains the rigidityand strength of the bacterial cell wall (choose all thatapply)?

A) Peptidoglycan forms linear, parallelstrands
B) Neighboring peptidoglycan strands are linked by peptidebonds
C) Peptidoglycan forms a highly branched structuredue to its alpha 1,6 glycosidic linkages.
D) The glycosidic linkages between themonosaccharide building blocks in peptidoglycan are extraordinarilystrong.
E) The polysaccharides in peptidoglycan formhelical structures, as in cellulose.

2. Pure cellulose from the seed threads of cotton is tough,fibrous, and completely insoluble in water. In contrast, glycogenfrom muscle or liver disperses readily in hot water to make aturbid solution. Although markedly different in physicalproperties, both substance are composed of (1-> 4) linkedD-glucose polymers of comparable molecular weight. Which of thefeatures below are responsible for the difference in physicalproperties of these glucose polymers (choose all that apply)?

A) Glycogen also has (1-> 6) linkages
B) The glycosidic linkages in cellulose are beta linkages whichresult in the formation of extended linear strands
C) Glucose monomers in glycogen are linked by alpha linkages whichcause a bend in the chain and prevent formation of longfibers
D) Parallel cellulose fibers are linked by hydrogen bonds, creatingtightly associated durable fibers.
E) Many of glycogenâs hydroxyl groups are exposed to water

greenreindeer818

BLG 143 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Amylopectin, Monosaccharide, Amylose

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