CHY 204 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Glycosidic Bond, Pentose, Covalent Bond

• School: Ryerson University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHY 204
• Professor: Mario Estable

Document Summary

Glycoconjugates are complex cho polymers covalently attached to pro or lipids & act as signals that determine intercellular location/metabolic fate of these hybrid molecules. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxyl aldehydes/ketones, ie. yields compounds upon hydrolysis: co2+h2o cho (photosynthesis); cho energy (oxidation). The simplest of cho, monosacchs are either aldehyde or ketones w/ 2 more hydroxyl groups (aldoses & ketoses). Many of the c atoms to which the oh groups are attached are chiral centers which give rise to many sugar stereoisomers found in nature. If the carbonyl group (c=o) is at the end of the c chain, the monosacch is an aldose vs. if it is in any other posn, the monosacch is a ketose. The simplest ones are trioses (2-3 c), tetroses (4c), pentoses (5c), hexoses (6c) & heptoses (7c). Glyceraldehyde, an aldotriose has a chiracl c thus optically active. Dihydroxyacetone, a ketotriose, is the only monosacch w/o a chiral c. *both are components of nucleotides & nucleic acids.