PHL 214 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Logica, Soundness
23 Oct 2015
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Reasoning: the active process of reasoning is termed inference. Intference involves a special relationship between different thoughts: when we infer. Alan i broke and he is unhappy: reasoning is asserting a relationship between two thoughts which is signalled by. Alan is broke, therefore he"s unhappy: inference indicators: words that indicate that one thought is intended to support. Some arguments are so strong that the truth of the premises guarantees the truth of the conclusion, called deductive arguments, and they constitute strict proofs. Most argument are not as strong; usually the truth of the premises makes it reasonable to hold that the conclusion is also true, but does not provide an absolute guarantee, called inductive argument. It is a weak argument when the conclusions are not adequately supported by their premises. Sound arugment: an argument that has both logical strength and true premises. Truth is a property of statements and never of inference.
