PHL 552 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Rationality, Steven Shapin, Abiogenesis
14 Sep 2017
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8. 2 robert merton and the old sociology of science. Mertonian sociology of science is mainstream sociology applied to the structure of science and to its historical development. Norms of science - set of basic values that govern scientific communities: Reward system is recognition, esp for being 1st person to come up w/ an idea. Reward system encourages original thinking but also brings out deviant behaviors: Fraud - very rare due to rigorous internal policing by scientists. Plagiarism - does happen and somewhat less rare. Libel and slander - slander as accusation of plagiarism. Recognition only reserved for small number of scientists = results in mania to publish. However, will still have real standing in small community of ppl that work on the same problem. Old sociology: describes the social structure and social placement of science as a whole but did not try to explain particular scientific beliefs in sociological terms.
