PSY 102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Mnemonic, Explicit Memory, Procedural Memory
28 Jun 2018
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PSY Chapter 7 – Memory
Memory – retention of information over time
Memory illusion – false but subjectively compelling memory
Paradox of memory – why we are good at remembering something’s and bad at others
We actively reconstruct our memories using the cues and information available to us
Three major systems of memory: Sensory memory, short-term and long-term
Differ in span (how much info each system can hold) and duration (how low of a period can that
system hold info)
Sensory memory – brief storage of perceptual information before it is passed to short term
memory
Iconic memory – visual sensory memory (1 second)
oEidetic imagery - photographic memory
Echoic memory – auditory sensory memory (5-10 seconds)
Short term memory – memory system that retains information for limited durations (20
seconds)
Decay – fading of information from memory over time
Interference – loss of information from memory because of competition from additional
incoming information
oRetroactive interference – interference with retention of old information due to
acquisition of new information
oProactive interference – interference with acquisition of new information due to
previous learning of information
oMagic number – the span of short term memory, according to George miller:
seven plus or minus two pieces of information
oChunking – organizing information into meaningful grouping, allowing us to
extend the span of short-term memory
oRehearsal – repeating information to extend the duration of retention in short-
term memory
oMaintenance rehearsal – repeating stimuli in their original for to retain them in
short term memory
oElaborative rehearsal – linking stimuli to each other in a meaningful way to
improve retention of information in short term memory (i.e. visualizing)
oLevels of processing – depth of transforming information, which influences how
easily we remember it
Long term memory – relatively enduring retention of information stored regarding our facts,
experiences and skills (minutes to years)
Permastore – type of long-term memory that appears to be permanent
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Document Summary
Memory illusion false but subjectively compelling memory. Paradox of memory why we are good at remembering something"s and bad at others. We actively reconstruct our memories using the cues and information available to us. Three major systems of memory: sensory memory, short-term and long-term. Differ in span (how much info each system can hold) and duration (how low of a period can that system hold info) Sensory memory brief storage of perceptual information before it is passed to short term memory. Iconic memory visual sensory memory (1 second: eidetic imagery - photographic memory. Echoic memory auditory sensory memory (5-10 seconds) Short term memory memory system that retains information for limited durations (20 seconds) Decay fading of information from memory over time. Long term memory relatively enduring retention of information stored regarding our facts, experiences and skills (minutes to years) Permastore type of long-term memory that appears to be permanent.
