PSYCO275 Chapter 3-11&16: Textbook Notes Chapters 3-11 & 16
16 Oct 2013
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Cns: the brain and the spinal cord. Pns: somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system. Difference: sympathetic neurons project on second-stage neurons far from their target organs and parasympathetic neurons synapse on second-stage neurons right by their target organs: cranial nerves: the 12 exceptions in the pns that project from the brain. Longest cranial nerves are the vagus nerves. Neurons: cells that are specialized for the reception, conduction, and transmission of electrochemical signals. Figure 5, page 59 & figure 6, page 60. They second cell type that is found in the nervous system. There are 4 main types of glial cells: oligodendrocytes, schwann cells, astrocytes, and microglia. Oligodendrocytes: glial cells with extensions that wrap around the axons of some neurons in the cns: are made up of myelin and form myelin sheaths that increase the speed and efficiency of axon conduction. Schwann cells: the glial cells that form myelin sheaths in the pns and promote the regeneration of damaged axons.
